Potato Cultivation Techniques for No-tillage Rice Field Covered with Rice Straw
October 22 06:01:21, 2018
The whole-coverage cultivation technique of rice straw in paddy field is no tillage in paddy field. The paddy field is no-tillage, and it is ditched and planted directly. The seed potato is placed on the soil surface and covered with straw all the time, with appropriate fertilization and management measures till the harvest. A potato section of fresh potato is a light-weight cultivation technique for potato. It changed the traditional method of cultivation by ploughing and farming, fertilizing sowing, cultivating weeds and digging potatoes, changing “seed potatoes†to “pile potatoes†and “digging potatoes†to “picking potatoesâ€. It is summarized as "putting a pendulum, covering a lid, picking and picking," eliminating many procedures such as ploughing, digging, planting, weeding, and digging of potatoes. The management is extensive, the production cost is low, and the yield is high. it is good. Its main technical links are as follows: Straw-covered cultivated potatoes should be selected for their deep plowed layer, loose fertile soil, good drainage and irrigation, and organic-rich neutral or slightly acidic rice fields. When the rice is harvested, the pile should not be too low or too high. It is better to keep the pile at 15 to 20 centimeters. Before the planting, the ditch is ditched. The ditch width is 1.4-1.6 meters, the ditch width is 20-30 cm, and the ditch depth is 15-20 cm. The soil dug during the ditching should be thrown evenly in the middle of the raft, and the ravine should be formed into a bow-shaped shape to facilitate drainage. Field grass can be manually eradicated and no herbicide can be applied. 2. Seed processing. Choose no pests, no frost damage, smooth and fresh skin, single tubers weighing more than 20 grams as seed potatoes. If the seed potato has not passed the dormant period, germination is required to break the dormancy of the seed potato so as to promote early germination, early emergence, and neat emergence. Before sowing, according to the distribution of potato sprouts and the size of the potato pieces, the seed potatoes are cut into 2 to 4 pieces, each of which must ensure a robust sprout. The diced potato chips will be immersed in the carbendazim solution for 3 to 5 minutes. After spreading out, the surface water will be spread out and dried, and the plant will be dressed with plant ash to prevent the incision infection from rot. 3. Sowing and fertilizing. The treated seed potatoes are placed directly on the surface of the plant. Generally, 4 to 5 rows are planted per row, spacing is 30 to 40 centimeters, plant spacing is 20 to 30 centimeters, and about 4500 to 5500 plants are planted per acre. Slightly press the seed potato slightly when sowing, so that the bud eyes are in full contact with the soil. After the planting, cover the decomposed bar fertilizer or coke ash on the seed potatoes, and then apply three nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers between the rows. Fertilizer level of the general field, per acre should be applied rot bar fertilizer 1500 kg, about 50 kg of compound fertilizer. If chemical fertilizers are used as base fertilizers, fertilizers should be applied between the rows of 6 to 8 cm from the seed potatoes to prevent injury caused by direct contact between chemical fertilizers and seed potatoes. 4. Cover grass and moisture management. After sowing, evenly cover the surface with straw and gently pat it. The thickness is generally 8 to 10 cm. Covering grass too thick is not conducive to emergence, too thin is easy to form green potatoes, but also affect the yield. After clearing the grass, the ditch will be cleared, and the dirt dug in the ditch will be evenly pressed on the straw to prevent the straw from being blown by the wind and causing the seed potatoes to be exposed. Straw-covered cultivated potatoes do not need topdressing and weeding and weed control, but water management must be done. During the period of potato growth and development, it is necessary to ensure that there is sufficient water, especially during the expansion period of the tubers, the transpiration of the shoots is vigorous, and the underground stems grow rapidly. At this time, the water requirement is the most, and the soil should always be kept moist to promote tuber enlargement. It is good for the decay of straw. Drought should be taken with small water along the ditch irrigation, so that the water slowly infiltrated into the gills. Can not use flood irrigation. In rainy seasons or low-lying areas, attention should be paid to drainage and stain prevention. 5. timely harvest. When the stems and leaves appear yellow, that is, the characteristics of the ripeness of the potato pieces can be harvested. Using straw-covered potatoes, 70% of the potatoes are grown on the surface of the soil. When the rice is harvested, the straw is picked up and the potatoes can be picked up. This is very convenient.