Begonia is a deciduous shrub of the genus Rosaceae, and flowering period from March to April is an important early spring flowering shrub in landscaping. After many years of practice, the author has concluded a set of techniques for cultivation and management of Begonia esculenta, which are presented below for reference by peers.

First, the choice of planting sites. Pasteurella japonica is native to China's Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, Yungui and other places, hi warm and afraid of the cold. Therefore, it is advisable to choose a leeward sunny place for cultivation of Begonia in North China. Pasteurica esculenta is afraid of stagnant water. It grows poorly in low-lying areas and leaves yellow leaves and fallen leaves. Therefore, it should be planted in places with higher ground. Planting in lawns should also raise the terrain appropriately and avoid flooding. Sticky sea lice have strict requirements on soil, and they can grow normally in loam and light clay, but they grow best in fertile and well-pervious sandy loam, and they have a certain degree of salt and alkali resistance. The unit is located in the saline-alkali area of ​​the North China Plain and grows well in the saline-alkali soil with a pH of 8.8 and a salt content of 0.2%. No adverse reactions were found.

Second, water and fertilizer management. Although it is fearful of stagnant water, it is better to stick to the moist environment, so it must not be watered or watered because it is afraid of water, because water shortage will also affect its normal growth. , wilting, the whole body died. So how do you water it? After years of practice, the author summarizes the following experiences. First, annual anti-freezing water and returning green water are indispensable. The two waterings must be timely and appropriate. The so-called “just-in-time” means that antifreeze water should be poured before mid-November to early December, and the Qingshui water must be poured in early March. The so-called "appropriate amount" must be filled with water. In addition, it is very necessary to re-perfuse water once in the middle of April after flowering. The rest of the time should be based on soil moisture to master the number of watering and watering, generally in the summer when the rainy season should be controlled watering, such as excessive rainfall should also pay attention to drainage, to prevent water rot, but in the heat and rainy season, Timely replenishment is necessary. It is also important to note that after entering the fall, watering must be controlled to prevent fall hairs and fresh shoots should be subjected to freezing injury during winter.

Sticky sea bream with fertilizer, usually three times a year can be applied fertilizer, one spring flower after the fertilizer, this fertilizer is dominated by nitrogen, can be applied at the same time some fermented fermented cattle manure or chicken manure, this fertilizer can be effective Supplementing the nutrient consumed by flowering makes the plant grow vigorously and grows well. Secondly, in July and August, during the flower bud differentiation, some phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers are applied. At this time, fertilization can promote flower bud differentiation and increase the number of flowers; In combination with pouring winter water before the winter to apply some basal fertilizer, this fertilizer is best to use sesame butter slag, not only lasting fertility but also can effectively enhance tree vigor and improve the quality of flowering in the coming year.

Third, pruning and breeding. In North China, the tree shape of the Begonia is usually shrub-type. The ideal type of shrubs should be kept high inside and outside, inside the state of sparse foreign. The inside and the outside are not only beautiful, but also can make all the branches can receive the light evenly. The internal sparse and dense can increase the permeability of the shrub, so that the plants grow healthily, and will not cause the nest wind. After grasping the above two principles, the following points should also be taken into account when pruning. First, we must remove the dense branches, branches and branches, and branches when trimming. Secondly, we must pay attention to the renewal of the flowering branches. In practice, there are some wrong tendencies. One is that the stem peduncles are the old branches, and all new branches should be removed. It is correct to stick the old branches of Begonia sinensis to blossom, but it is wrong to blindly remove new shoots, because every plant has a longevity, and the flowering branches of Begonia are not as old as possible, but 3 The 5th-old shoots had the highest number of flowers. Therefore, old branches cannot be kept and new branches removed. The correct method is to update the flowering branches year by year, so that the plants always maintain full flowering status. Update the flowering branches generally 2 to 3 branches a year, and the surplus newborn branches can be removed. Another approach is to leave fresh branches intact and leave them to grow naturally. Doing so can easily disturb the tree shape and make the branches fine and dense. Not only can they not be airy and transparent, they also often cause flooding of diseases and insect pests, and also have great impact on flowering quality. .

The propagation of Begonia esculenta can be used for cuttings, ramets and other methods, but cuttings are most commonly used, and a large number of seedlings can be obtained at a time. The most commonly used cuttings are hardwood cuttings. Hardwood cuttings are better for early spring. One-year-old robust shoots are selected, and the thickness is between 0.5 and 1 cm. The cuttings are cut into about 12 centimeters long. After the nursery is well-distributed and disinfected, the cutting distance is 2030 cm. Immediately after the cutting is completed, it is poured with water and covered with heat. After that, the soil in the film is kept moist for a long period of time, and the film is often opened for ventilation. After about 40 days, the roots can be established and transplanted after the fall.

Fourth, pest and disease control. Postharvest Begonia rust is a common and frequently occurring disease of Begonia esculenta. Severe morbidity can lead to plant death. If it occurs, it can be sprayed with 50% of the bacteriophage-specific wettable granules at 800 times and sprayed every 10 days. Times, continuous spraying 3 to 4 times can effectively control the condition. In addition, it should be noted that tree species such as cypress and cypress are the main hosts of the rust-infested rust, so they should be avoided when planting. The common pests of Begonia esculenta are scale insects, aphids, red spiders, and yellow thorn moths. Water and fertilizer management should be strengthened in the daily maintenance, and ventilation and light transmission should be enhanced. If possible, kill the scale insects and kill them with shovels. Kill the maggots and kill them with dichlorvos.

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