Onion Fall Field Management
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July 01 14:02:35, 2025
The end of the rainy season in mid-August marks a crucial time for the growth of autumn vegetables, especially green onions. During this period, the focus of field management should be on promoting strong root development, enhancing soil structure, and maintaining proper moisture levels. These practices help create ideal environmental conditions that support the formation of high-quality, light-blue green onions, ultimately improving both yield and quality.
1. After planting, watering should be carefully managed during the summer months. The main goal at this stage is to encourage root growth, so it's important to control water supply. After heavy rains, ensure proper drainage to prevent root rot, yellowing leaves, and seedling death. At the same time, regular cultivation helps stimulate root development. From the Liqiu to Bailu periods, irrigation should follow a schedule of light watering in the morning and evening. Once the green onions enter their rapid growth phase, water every 4 to 6 days, keeping the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. As temperatures drop after the first frost, the plants are nearly mature, and water needs decrease. Stop watering 5 to 7 days before harvest to make harvesting and transportation easier.
2. Fertilization plays a key role in green onion growth. It starts with the base fertilizer, but additional topdressing is also necessary. After the start of autumn, when plant growth accelerates, apply "foliar manure" by spreading 1,500 to 2,000 kilograms of composted manure per acre along with 20 to 25 kilograms of superphosphate to promote leaf development. After the White Dew period, which is a critical time for intensive growth, apply two rounds of "tree-boosting fertilizers" combined with irrigation. Each application should include 15 to 20 kilograms of urea and 10 to 15 kilograms of potassium sulfate. After shallow cultivation between rows, water thoroughly to ensure nutrient absorption.
3. Earthing up (soil mounding) is an essential practice to soften the leaf sheaths, prevent lodging, and improve yield and quality. From the beginning of autumn until harvest, the field should be cultivated three times. The first two times should be done alongside weeding, with soil from the ridges being moved into the onion furrows and filled after the summer heat. The height of each mound should match the growth of the pseudo-stem, typically 3 to 4 cm each time. Be careful not to bury the central part of the plant, as this can lead to leaf decay.
4. Disease prevention is equally important. To control leaf miners, spray dimethoate every 8 to 10 days after transplanting—use 15 ml of dimethoate per 15 liters of water. Additionally, monitor for brown spot or gray spot diseases on the leaves, and apply carbendazim as needed to manage these issues effectively. Regular monitoring and timely intervention are essential to maintain healthy crops.