Base fertilizer application method for cotton

July 03 14:20:16, 2020

The flower yield is closely related to soil fertility in cotton fields. To achieve high quality and high yield, the cotton field is required to have high fertility, and can continuously supply various nutrients required for the fertility of cotton plants during the growth of cotton. Cotton is a deep-rooted crop that has a long growing period, requires a large amount of fertilizer, and requires high soil fertility. Organic matter is one of the main material foundations of soil fertility. In general, high-organic cotton fields have high soil fertility. Therefore, the way to cultivate soil in cotton field is to apply more farmyard manure, and apply proper quantified fertilizer to the soil before base sowing. As fertilizer for basal fertilizers, the depth of application is deeper, and after tillage, soil fertilizers can be blended, the fertilizer effects are relatively balanced, and the fertilizers are kept in a long period of time, which is beneficial to improving the soil and fertility. The long-term application of farmyard fertilizers and the supply of cotton nutrients solely from chemical fertilizers tend to make the soil structure worse, resulting in an imbalance of certain nutrient elements and failing to ensure high quality and high yield of cotton.

(1) Organic fertilizer

Manure and compost are commonly used as farmyard fertilizers in cotton fields. Generally, 2 to 3 tons of basal fertilizer are used per 667 meters, and 2 to 3 tons of fertilizer are used per 667 meters of high-yield cotton fields.

(2) Nitrogen fertilizer

Due to the limited number of farmyard manures and the slow fertilizer effect, proper application of quick-acting fertilizers will result in better yield increase. Especially in low-yield cotton fields, the use of chemical fertilizers started and fertilizers were used to promote farmyard manure to achieve the goal of fertilizing the soil. In general, when the cotton field uses 7.5 to 10 kg of total nitrogen per 667 m2, 2.5 kg of pure nitrogen is used as the base fertilizer, and the farm manure is applied to the soil before the tillage (the rest is used for topdressing during the flowering period), and good results can be obtained. . The medium-to-high-strength soils have strong fertility and fertilizer supply. The nitrogen fertilizer is divided into two applications. One is applied as a base fertilizer at about 45%, and the other is applied at about 55% at the boll stage. Soils with high fertility and strong fertilizer-preserving ability can also use appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer as base fertilizer; Soils with poor fertility, poor texture, and poor fertility can also be treated as base fertilizer with appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer; poor soil fertility. , Texture sand, fertilizer capacity of the poor cotton fields, nitrogen fertilizer can be divided into three applications, that is, base fertilizer 30%, 20% during the bud, topdressing 50%.

(3) Phosphate fertilizer

It is better to use the whole layer of basal fertilizer, that is, evenly spread the phosphate fertilizer on the ground before sowing or before transplanting, and turn the plough to make the phosphate fertilizer evenly distributed in the soil of the whole cultivation layer, so that the contact between the root and the phosphate fertilizer is large. Phosphate fertilizer utilization rate is high. In order to reduce the fixation of phosphorus in the soil, the phosphate fertilizer is preferably applied to the entire layer after being piled or mixed with the farmyard manure. Calcium peroxide 40-55 kg per 667 m 2 is generally applied.

(4) Potash

The use of basal fertilizer and topdressing was better, and the monobasic application of basal fertilizer also had good results. Although there is less potassium deficiency in the soil in the north, potassium fertilization in some cotton fields has obvious effects this year. It is also necessary to pay attention to the application of potash fertilizer. At the same time, it can also effectively reduce the incidence of cotton stem blight. The application of potash fertilizer depends on the condition of soil fertility. On the basis of nitrogen and phosphorus application, generally about 2 kilograms of potassium chloride or potassium sulfate is applied per 667 meters of medium-strength cotton field.

(5) Fertilizer

In addition to nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, the soil in cotton fields often lacks trace elements, and the effects of applying boron and zinc fertilizers are obvious.

Boron fertilizer can be used as base fertilizer, seed fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer. The cotton fields that are seriously deficient in boron (the soil available boron is less than 0.2 mg/kg) are applied every 667 m2 with 0.25-0.5 kg of borax in the sowing ditch or transplanting ditch and in the hole for seed fertilizer. For the boron fertilizer used for fertilizer application, special attention should be paid to applying uniform, and avoid contact with seeds, and do not apply directly under the seed, so as not to interfere with seed germination and seedling growth.

As a basal fertilizer, zinc fertilizer is better, and spraying also has a good effect. In zinc-deficient soils, basal zinc fertilizer (zinc sulphate) is used at 1 to 2 kg per 667 m2, mixed with 10 to 15 kg of fine dry soil, and thrown into the cotton field and turned into soil.

Standardized Extract
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