Common Diseases and Pests of Strawberry and Its Control Measures
July 05 14:01:44, 2019
Strawberries are covered with greenhouse films, and the shed is hot and humid, creating even more favorable conditions for pests and diseases. Common pests and control measures of grassy mildew are described as follows: First, common diseases:? 1, leaf spot disease. The main damage leaves, the typical symptoms of the lesion was gray or gray-brown center round spot, surrounded by purple brown, like snake eyes. The disease is prone to occur when it is warm and humid, and the old leaves first develop disease and gradually extend to the whole plant. Before the flowering results, the incidence was light, and it began to occur after harvest. ? 2, powdery mildew. The whole plant of the disease is prone to occur. When the leaves are damaged, dark stains occur and the sizes are not equal. Then a white powder is produced on the dorsal plaque, and a reddish-brown lesion is seen later, and the leaf margins are atrophic and dry. Early fruit damage, that is, stop development, dry, if the later victims, the surface produces a layer of white powder. It can occur continuously throughout the growing season and is extremely hazardous. 3, gray mold. After the flowering, the main diseases occurred, the bacteria invaded the small fruit first, and the fruit surface in contact with the soil was first attacked, and then the fruit stems were spread to the peduncle and dried and rot. In the case of infringing on the fruit that has been transformed, a water brownish-brown patch appears dark brown and a layer of gray mold appears on the surface, causing the fruit to soften. Gray mold blows away with the wind and spreads to other fruits. ? 4, root rot. Starting from the lower leaves, the leaf margins turn reddish-brown and gradually wither upwards until they die. The branch roots begin to turn dark brown and corrupt in the middle, and the central column of the root is red. 5, yellow blight, also known as bacterial wilt disease, the initial onset, the stems and leaves atrophy during the day, recover in the evening, 2-3 days withered to death, squeeze the diseased stems by hand, there is turbid white mucus outflow, the bacteria with the main The diseased plants remain in the soil for the winter and survive for several years. When the conditions are appropriate, they can be invaded from the root or stem wounds. Continuous cropping of strawberries or continuous cropping of rapeseed berries often causes severe disease, and even results in large-scale deaths. Second, the main control measures: ? 1, the main comprehensive prevention. Strengthen field management, nurture strong seedlings, implement 2-3 year rotation, sunny day transplanting with soil, avoid damage to roots and stems, timely cover membranes, scaffolding, ground management, timely removal of diseased fruits, dead old leaves, and removal of diseased plants, Deeply buried or burned, keep clean and tidy in the strawberry garden, and pay attention to ventilation and ventilation in the shed to reduce the hazard of humidity and exhaust gas. ? 2, soil disinfection before planting. Before transplanting strawberries, use 40% asparagus green powder 600 times liquid, pour in the lotus root, and then reconstitute the soil and transfer the whole plant to effectively kill pathogens in the soil, reduce the number of bacteria in the field, and reduce the chance of infection. ? 3, regular spraying control. In the growing season of strawberry, it is usually sprayed once every 10-15 days. Each time, 40% of asparagus blue powder is sprayed with 500 times of agricultural streptomycin 150PPM mixture. If a disease occurs, add rooting once, spray it once every 4-5 days, and spray it 2-3 times. When yellow blight occurs, add 250 PPM of streptomycin for agriculture. When the humidity in the greenhouse is too high, it is not easy to spray. , can use "a smoked spirit" fumigation, heavy smoked once after seven days. If powdery mildew occurs, 20% triadimefon 1000-2000 times can be used, and gray mold can be alternately sprayed with asparagus blue liquid with 50% Sulfamethoxazole 1000 times and the effect is better. Third, common pests and control: ? The main pests of strawberry are aphids, red spider, Spodoptera litura larvae. The aphids can be sprayed with 20% buquermine 1000 times solution, red spider can use 2.5% Uranus or 73% Keziite 2000 times solution, and Spodoptera larvae can be sprayed with 5% stilbene 1000 times solution. (Yang City Agricultural Bureau Shao Zhongqing)
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