I. Late blight: Leaves, ground stems, and underground tubers can all suffer. At the onset of the leaves, dark green spots began to appear at the tips of the leaves and leaves. There were light green halos around the lesions. The lesions quickly expanded and became brown when wet, with a white mold on the edges. The back is especially noticeable. On the stems and petioles on the ground, brown streaks appeared slightly dimpled. When wet, white molds appeared on the surface leaves. In severe cases, the leaves wilted, curled, and dried and drooped. Finally, the whole plant became dark. When the tuber suffers, it forms light brown or gray-purple irregular lesions, sinks slightly, and the lower layer of potato meat turns brown and slowly expands or rots around.

Control methods: In addition to selection of disease-resistant varieties, seed crops can be treated with chemicals (also 72% Kelu WP or 72% Preclosure can be soaked for 10-15 minutes each). Suitable for dense planting, thick soil layer, timely irrigation, 58% metalaxyl MnZn wettable powder 600 times, 70% dry drying agent 800 times, 60% Baitai dispersible granules 1500 times , 25% Kairun EC 3000 times liquid, etc., according to the weather and the incidence of the situation, the above agents and Tianda 2116 mixed use, every 7-10 days, spray once, spray a total of 2-3 times, the effect is better.

Second, early blight: mainly damage the leaves, but also infect tubers. Leaf lesions are dark brown, round or near-circular, 3-4 cm in diameter, concentric ring veins, and sharp edges. When the humidity is high, black mold layer is produced on the lesion.

Control methods: At the beginning of the disease, use 80% of Dasheng M-45 WP 600 times, or 70% of mancozeb 500-600 times, 80% of Xinwansheng WP 600 times, 1:1:200 times. Bordeaux fluid, 53.8% can kill 2000 times WP 500 times, 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500-1000 times, and the above reagents are used in alternation with Tianda 2116, once every 7-10 days. Continuously alternately selecting and controlling the agent 2-3 times, the curative effect is obvious.

3. Viral diseases: There are three types of mosaic, necrotic, and leaf-shaped. Mosaic type: leaf chlorophyll distribution is uneven, showing dark green light green or yellow and green mottled mosaic, severe leaf shrinkage, dwarfing the whole plant, sometimes accompanied by leaf veins transparent. The most effective method of prevention and control is the selection of disease-free and virus-free virus-free seed potatoes. In the virus-free seed potato base, virus-free seed potatoes are planted and planted from a virus-free production base. The weeds around the potato production area must be planed early to eradicate the locusts in time and reduce the vectors. At the beginning of the disease, "Tianda 2116" 1000 times solution + Tianda Yufeng 1000 times solution or 20% virus A500 solution can be sprayed and controlled.

Fourth, ring rot: There are two types of dead spots and wilt. The most common type of disease is the onset of compound leaves at the base of the plant. The tip, leaf margins, and veins are green. The mesophylls are yellow-green or gray-green, with obvious mottled, dry tips or inward sinusoids. The condition expanded and the whole plant died. The wilting type began to wilt from the apical compound leaf, and the leaf margin was slightly inward, resembling a lack of water, and the condition expanded downwards. The whole plant leaf began to chlorosis, the inner roll was drooping, and finally the plant fell to death.

Control methods: Select disease-resistant varieties, strengthen quarantine, and build disease-free seed potato bases. Seed selection before sowing, elimination of diseased potatoes, spraying with 600 times of fluoric acid or Tian Danuo 1000 times liquid + Tianda 2116 (dipping and dressing type) 100 times liquid or 64% antitoxic WP wettable powder 500 times etc. .

V. Scars: Potato tubers first produce brown dots on the surface of the potato tuber, which expand to form brown round or irregular large plaques; later, the central depression or bulge forms scar-like hard plaque; lesions are limited to the skin, not In-depth potato, but seriously reduce commercial traits. The disease is caused by a fungus. Germs are rotted in the soil or overwinter on diseased potatoes, invading from lenticels or wounds. The temperature suitable for onset is 25-30°C, and the onset of neutral or slightly alkaline sandy loam is heavy. Therefore, as long as the selection of disease-resistant varieties such as Lu Yin No. 1, in the slightly acidic soil, and the application of potassium sulfate fertilizer, can effectively prevent the occurrence of scab.

In addition, there are bacterial wilt, black shank disease, anthrax, and so on. There are also various degrees of occurrence in various places. Attention should also be paid to timely prevention and treatment.

Six, locusts: control methods: timely timely sowing, to avoid the peak period of locusts, the field hanging silver gray film to avoid smashing, can also be used to lure the butter plate sticking locust, locust occurrence period with 50% chloriminate EC, or 2.5% kung fu Emulsifiable concentrates are controlled by 1500 times liquid and other low-toxic pesticides. 22% dichlorvos smoke agent can be used in the shed to control smoking.

VII. Root-knot nematodes: Control methods: Rotation should be carried out. In the hazard period, avermectin should be used to irrigate the roots at a dose of 1000-1500 times. Each strain is 50-100 ml and has a good control effect.

Eight, tea yellow tea: warm and humid conditions conducive to the occurrence of tea aphids, can be used 15% fluorenone 3000 times, or 73% of chlordecone 2000 times, or 5% Nisole EC 2000 times spray control.

Nine, the ground tiger: small ground tiger serious damage in spring, yellow tiger can damage both spring and autumn, can be used sweet and sour wine (6:3:1) add water 10 times +90% trichlorfon and mix thoroughly, Sheng in the vessel Place in the field to kill, or fry bran, bean cake, add 90% trichlorfon, use water as a wet bait, sprinkle poison in the field, or treat soil with 3% Bayer pellets 2-5 kg ​​per mu.

Ten, 蛴螬: 蛴螬 is omnivorous. Deep plowing in the fall and early spring, and freezing of adult or larvae, the larvae use 90% trichlorfon 800-1000 times during the larvae, or sprinkled in the ground or sow when sowing; or use 50 % Phoxim EC 800 times solution root irrigation, 150-250 grams of water per strain, or 25% of carbaryl wettable powder 800 times control.

XI. Aphids: There are mainly oriental eel and North China eel. Adults and nymphs take in the potato chips and will cause serious damage. Decomposed organic fertilizers should be applied and blacklights should be trapped to kill adults. Seed potatoes are treated with poison valleys, baits, and chemicals to treat the soil. During the growth period, 50% phoxim EC, 48% Difen EC 2000x, or 5% GJ suspension can be used for root irrigation.

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