Since the implementation of the “vegetable basket” project in China in the 1980s, the vegetable industry has developed rapidly and is now the second largest crop in the crop industry after food. Vegetable production in China has always been a labor-intensive industry, and labor costs account for more than 50% of vegetable production costs. At present, about 60% of the vegetables are planted by means of seedling transplanting, and the transplanting operation is still mainly artificial. The use of artificial transplanting, labor intensity, low operating efficiency, difficult to achieve large-area transplanting, resulting in small scale of production, low production efficiency, restricting the development of vegetable production. Therefore, China's vegetable production is in urgent need of mechanized production.

Beijing: Mechanization of vegetables has been realized

A few days ago, on a piece of cabbage vegetable field in Guangjitun Village, Yanqing District, Beijing, it drove through one vegetable seedling transplanting machine. Surprisingly, these machines are not only manned, but also unmanned, relying on the Beidou satellite navigation system to complete the precise operation. These advanced transplanting machines show that the whole process of mechanization of vegetables has been realized in Beijing.

It is understood that as early as 2016, the Beijing Agricultural Machinery Test Accreditation and Extension Station took the opening of the city's large-scale open-sale cabbage as the starting point, and took the lead in carrying out the whole process of mechanization technology integration and large-scale production demonstration of the production of cabbage in the country. In 2017, Beijing took the open vegetable production as a breakthrough, and carried out the whole mechanized promotion of open vegetable production to explore the mechanized solution for vegetable production. At the same time, carry out the whole mechanized production test of spring cabbage, broccoli, lettuce, carrot and potato, as well as the live broadcast test of the crops of the open field, rapeseed and other crops, and explore the cultivation, planting, field management and harvesting. For the mechanized production technology of the main content, expand the technical content of the whole process of mechanized production of open vegetables.

Through the exploration of the whole mechanized production technology of open vegetables, Beijing has achieved the effects of improving work efficiency, work quality and reducing labor intensity, laying a foundation for the specialized, large-scale and mechanized production of vegetables in suitable areas, and promoting agricultural production. "Machine substitution" provides technical equipment support and will gradually accelerate the promotion.

Zhejiang Huzhou: Vegetable Industry Machine Substitution

The rotary tiller and the micro-farming machine took turns to complete the ploughing and ridges in a piece of farmland. The self-propelled vegetable transplanting machine planted the two rows of vegetables in a short time, and the drone freely swirled over the field to spray the pesticide. ...... Recently, at the on-site meeting of the "machine substitution" of the vegetable industry in the city's vegetable industry held at the experimental base of the Huzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, more than 30 kinds of agricultural machines from 11 enterprises across the country staged a "machine battle". The attendees were not stunned and screamed.

In recent years, Huzhou vegetables have become the second largest crop after grain crops. However, there are many varieties of vegetables and complicated seasons, and the overall level of mechanization of the vegetable industry is low. In order to speed up the “machine substitution” of vegetables, the Municipal Agricultural Machinery Promotion Station invited the heads of vegetable growers and agricultural machinery professional cooperatives in the city to observe the demonstration of agricultural machinery in the vegetable industry. The demonstrations of these agricultural machines show extraordinary skills in saving time, effort and high efficiency in all aspects of vegetable cultivation, planting, fertilization, plant protection, harvesting and packaging.

Chen Yang, director of the Agricultural Machinery Promotion Station of Huzhou City, said that Huzhou City will speed up the introduction and promotion of the machinery and equipment needed for all aspects of vegetable production, promote the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy in vegetable production, accelerate the cultivation of new agricultural machinery social service mains, and improve the city's vegetable production “machine substitution”. "s level.

Nanjing, Jiangsu: Developing agricultural demonstration zones to promote mechanization of vegetable production

In order to promote the implementation of the “machine substitution” project for high-efficiency facility agriculture in Nanjing, and promote the mechanization level of facility vegetable production in the city, from March, Nanjing Agricultural Machinery Technology Promotion Station and related units will carry out facility vegetable production in Jiangning Guli Modern Agriculture Demonstration Zone. Mechanization technology test demonstration.

The Guli Modern Agriculture Demonstration Zone has a total land area of ​​over 20,000 mu and a vegetable production area of ​​over 10,000 mu. In recent years, the vegetable production in the park has been highly valued by the provincial, municipal, and district agricultural authorities and the Guli Street Party Committee Government, and the level of mechanization has rapidly increased. In the past three years, the park has invested more than 3 million yuan in the implementation of various projects, and introduced more than 30 sets of various vegetable production and processing machinery and equipment (including front processing machine, spreading machine, tilling machine, ridge machine, live broadcast). Machines, water-saving irrigation equipment, plant protection machines, trenching earth-moving machines, harvesters, handlers, finishing machines, balers, and vegetable seedling sowing lines, laser graders, stone-cutting machines, deep-cultivators, etc.) The vegetable mechanized production operation service team has achieved remarkable results in promoting the mechanized production of vegetables.

Conclusion

Vegetable machinery is not only a substitute for labor, but also a fine operation, greatly improving production efficiency and synonymous with green environmental protection and eco-friendliness; mechanization of vegetable production is conducive to improving labor productivity and land output rate, and promoting the professionalization and regional development of agricultural production. At the same time, it is of great significance for utilizing resources, resisting natural disasters, promoting modern agricultural technology, promoting agricultural intensive management, increasing yield and total output, increasing agricultural labor productivity, reducing agricultural product costs, and reducing the labor intensity of farmers and narrowing the differences between workers and peasants. effect.