Compound fertilizers have increased production and income compared to simple fertilizers and have been recognized by farmers. However, how to purchase high-quality compound fertilizers in order to achieve the purpose of saving money and increasing production has not yet been grasped by the majority of farmers. Therefore, how to purchase high-quality compound fertilizer based on soil properties, fertilizer characteristics, and current agricultural production status is what the majority of farmers need to understand and master; in addition, knowing how to identify the advantages and disadvantages of compound fertilizers can effectively avoid false-finger pitting incidents. occur. The two aspects are summarized as the following "Ten strokes":

The first move: Select compound fertilizer according to soil properties science

For soils with slightly alkaline, low organic matter content (typically soil pH is around 8.0) and lack of available nitrogen and phosphorus, generally acidic compound fertilizers such as monoammonium phosphate or humic acid NPK fertilizer, nitrogen and phosphorus should be used. Compound fertilizer is appropriate. However, alkaline compound fertilizers such as diammonium phosphate should be used for a small amount of red clay or acid brown loam soil.

The second measure: Selecting compound fertilizer according to crop species science

General field crops use N, P and K compound fertilizers; NPK fertilizers should be used in high-yield fields; wheat, rice, millet and other close-cropping crops should be suitable for use with powdered compound fertilizers; sparsely planted crops such as corn should be granular Compound fertilizers; Vegetables, especially fruit and vegetables and root vegetables and fruit trees and other economic crops need more, should use higher potassium, lower nitrogen NPK fertilizer.

The third measure: scientifically select compound fertilizer according to the nature of fertilizers

A considerable part of the compound fertilizers currently sold on the market does not meet the national standard GB15063-94. National standards stipulate that the compound nutrient (compound fertilizer) is effective nutrient content, the total concentration of high concentrations of NPK is ≥ 40%, the content of low concentration of NPK is ≥ 25%, does not include trace elements and middle elements; water soluble phosphorus content ≥ 40%, the water molecule content is less than 5%; the particle size is 1-4.75 mm and so on. Therefore, in addition to looking at trademarks and nutrient content when purchasing compound fertilizers, it is also necessary to pay attention to manufacturers and origins. In addition, there are two kinds of potassium in the compound fertilizer, one is potassium chloride and the other is potassium sulfate. Potassium chloride contains chlorine and should not be applied to bogey crops. Where no “S” symbol is on the compound fertilizer bag, the potash is potassium chloride. Avoid chlorine crops such as grapes, potatoes, tobacco, sugar beet etc. Do not use it. Be sure to use the “S” symbol on the fertilizer bag. Compound fertilizer, compound fertilizer consisting of potassium sulfate.

The fourth measure: Scientific selection of compound fertilizer according to fertilization method

In order to improve the fertilizer efficiency of compound fertilizers, different formulations should be selected for different application methods. For the application of basal fertilizer, granular compound fertilizer must be used, and the higher the hardness of the particles is, the better the fertilizer efficiency is. The compound fertilizer with compound nitrogen in the compound fertilizer composed of ammonium nitrogen can be used to improve the utilization rate of nitrogen. For top dressing applications, powdered compound fertilizer should be used, and it should be noted that the content of water-soluble phosphorus in compound fertilizer should be greater than 40%, and nitrogen should be the same as compound fertilizer consisting of NH4- and NO3-. The general use of humic acid compound fertilizer is better than topdressing.

The fifth measure: see if the fertilizer is double-layered and whether the three certificates are complete and effective

Three certificates are: production license, fertilizer registration certificate, product certification. Look at the packaging bag again to see whether the trademark, number, standard code, total nutrient content, the name and address of the manufacturer, and finally see whether the inner packaging bag fertilizer particles are the same, no large lump, less powder. If you use Canadian potash fertilizer, you can see small red potassium fertilizer particles. Compound fertilizers with higher nitrogen content can retain many attached white or colorless fine crystals on the surface of the fertilizer for a period of time. This crystal is formed due to the absorption of moisture by urea and potassium chloride. This is not the case with inferior compound fertilizers.

Sixth trick: grab half of the compound fertilizer

According to national standards, the moisture content of low-concentration compound fertilizers should be less than or equal to 5%. If the moisture content exceeds this index, the feeling in the hands is sticky. The second is that it can be shaped into a cake, which will inevitably make the fertilizer particles resistant to pressure. The intensity decreases and the slow release properties of the compound fertilizer are lost. Grab half of the compound fertilizer by hand and knead it. There is a layer of grayish powder on the hand and a sticky sensation is of good quality. If the granules are touched, the fine white crystals are also shown to be of good quality. Inferior compound fertilizers are mostly grayish black powders with no stickiness and no white crystals in the particles.

Seventh trick: burning a fire

Take a small amount of compound fertilizer placed on the iron skin, burning in an open flame, there is ammonia odor that contains nitrogen, yellow flame appears to contain potassium. The thicker the ammonia odor, the yellower the yellow flame, indicating that the higher the content of nitrogen and potassium, it is a high-quality compound fertilizer. On the contrary, it is a poor quality compound fertilizer.

Eighth trick: it is best not to buy odor compound fertilizer

Compound fertilizers generally have no peculiar smell (except for organic-inorganic compound fertilizers). If there is odor, it is because the basic raw material nitrogen fertilizer mainly uses agricultural ammonium bicarbonate, or the basic raw material contains the toxic substance trichloroacetaldehyde (acid) phosphate fertilizer.

Tycholine (acid) toxic substances will cause burning seedlings when they enter the farmland, but they will cause crops to be harvested when they are heavy, and the long-term residual period of toxicity will affect the growth of the crops in the next season.

Therefore, it is best for farmers not to buy odor-rich compound fertilizers.

Ninth trick: blisters

High-quality compound fertilizers have good water solubility, and most of them can be dissolved, and even small amounts of precipitates are fine. The inferior compound fertilizer is hardly soluble in water, and the residue is rough and hard.

Tenth trick: may wish to try

Due to the relative lack of potash fertilizer on the market and the high price, some illegal manufacturers act as potash fertilizers after being crushed with red bricks. At the time of purchase, farmers' friends can taste red granules, potassium chloride has a salty taste, and red brick particles have no salty taste.

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