As of September 20, I have received calls from some cotton farmers in Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, and Jiangsu provinces, reflecting that this year's cotton bolls are falling more severe than in previous years. What are the reasons? Make some reasonable answers.

On July 15th, August 15th, and September 15th this year, I conducted investigations on the Fushun Peach, Futao, and Qiu Tao of cotton. The analysis of the reasons for the loss of cotton buds is mainly due to climatic factors, such as temperature, light, water and gas, which are detrimental to the growth and development of cotton. This year is particularly prominent. In terms of internal reasons, it is mainly due to errors in cultivation and management, such as partial application of nitrogen fertilizer or over-consumption of one-time fertilizer; aging of drainage system of cotton fields, cotton suffers from dark spots of alum; cotton spacing is narrow, planting density is too large; cotton fields Severe shading, lack of pruning or pruning, poor ventilation and light transmission, poor pest control, etc. At the same time, inadvertent field operations and mechanical damage will increase the number of boll shedding.

According to a cotton field survey conducted by Zhang Chuncheng and Shen Banghua from the cotton seed farm in Handong City, Hanchuan on August 15, Shen Hanhua’s five-acre cotton field has an average density of 955 per acre. From 2 to 17.9%, Zhang Chuncheng’s 10-acre cotton field averaged 10 to 37.3% of the bell-tolerance rate of 10 varieties. According to a survey conducted on September 15th, the average rate of absent bells in the Shenhuahua cotton field was 19.3 to 34.1%, and the average rate of absent bells in the Zhangchuncheng cotton field was 41.8 to 47.5%. The neighboring Han Quanting family’s 3-acre cotton field had suffered waterlogging twice, and the shade of the cotton field was relatively large, and the rate of shedding of the bells reached 53.3%.

In particular, it is worth pointing out that in the surveys of Daejeon around the country, the more shaded cotton fields are, the less light is used in the cotton field. Cotton is less in the early stage and the nutrients are used for nutrient growth. The more difficult it is to sit in the late stage, the more reasonable it is. In the more cotton fields, cotton grows steadily, and the more peaches are used later. This is because the nutrient transport law of cotton is that before a lot of peaches are ingested, the nutrients are mainly transported to the main stem growth point. Once a lot of peaches are taken, the nutrient transport of cotton mainly shifts to the bolls of the fruit branches.

From the comprehensive analysis of this year's status of cotton buddles shedding, shedding patterns, shedding causes, and nutrient transport rules, we should sum up lessons learned and receive some inspiration from it: First, select genetically modified hybrid insect-resistant cotton varieties, and the average line spacing must not be low. At 1 meter, the spacing should be about 45 centimeters. For those below this line spacing, hybrid cotton should not be grown. Second, fertilization in cotton fields should be organic fertilizer, bio-organic compound fertilizer, high content of multiple compound fertilizers, potash fertilizer, appropriate amount of urea, should not be excessive fertilization, to prevent the release of fertilizer and water peak Meet with the growth peak of cotton nutrition; Third, we must increase efforts to improve the facilities of the cotton field water system, and strive to be able to irrigation, energy, energy filter; Fourth, chemical regulation can only be a small number of times, the previous concentration must not be too large, To prevent the inhibition of cotton growth and aggravate the shedding of bells; Fifth, we must pay attention to routine management measures, especially the need to completely pruning, wipe axillary buds, enhance the permeability performance, pest control to blind the main damage.

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