Effect and Method of Applying Wheat Fertilizer on Topdressing

Last year was the first cold winter since more than 20 “warm winters”. The winter was significantly earlier and the temperature remained low. As a result, the effective winter wheat growing time before winter was shortened and the growth was insufficient, resulting in fewer leaves and fewer secondary roots. Root development is poor, the population is small, and young panicle development is slow. At the same time, substantial cooling in mid-January caused freezing damage in some plots. At present, the rain has passed the solar term and the temperature has rapidly risen. The wheat in our province has entered the green period and it is also a critical period for the management of wheat fields. It is suggested that local conditions should be adapted to local conditions to scientifically manage fertilizers, apply fertilizers for jointing, and promote transformation and upgrading of the seedlings.

1, the role of joint fertilizer. The jointing and booting stage is the key period for determining the spike rate and seed setting rate of wheat, and it is the key period for winning large spikes of strong culms. It is also the second peak of fertilizer requirement during wheat life. During this period, the amount of fertilizer required generally accounts for about 50% of the total fertilizer requirement. Scientific topdressing of joint-fertilizer can ensure the growth of wheat, form large spikes, increase the number of grains, and generally increase the number of grains per ear by 3 to 4 grains, and increase production by about 50 kilograms per mu.

2, topdressing time. For the wheat fields with suitable groups and normal growth, in the middle and late March, the fixed joints (5 to 7 cm) in the first internode of the wheat base, the pale color of the leaves, and the death of the small tillers will be followed by the joint fertilizer. For late-maturing, late-wintering, under-developed, late-weak vegetative crops, and yellow-leafed and heavily-frozen wheat, the fertilizer should be top-dressed early in the middle of March, effectively increasing the number of grains, and fighting for spring tillering. , to ensure that there are enough ears per acre also have a role. In the early spring, the plots that have returned to green manure should be postponed in accordance with the seedlings, and generally can be topdressed in early April.

3, the amount and method of top dressing. Appropriate amount of joint fertilizer application. The amount of wheat jointing fertilizer applied in the northern wheat region along the Huaihe River in the province is generally 8 to 10 kg of urea per acre, and the topdressing of urea in Jianghuai rice is generally 6 to 8 kg. The plots with less application of phosphorus and potassic fertilizers should be followed by high-concentration ternary compound (mixed) fertilizers, 10 to 15 kg per mu, and 5 to 8 kg of urea should be appropriate. Rain or sprinkle fertilizer with irrigation. Application of green manure delayed fertilizer with 3-5 tons of urea per acre.

4, to prevent frost damage in the spring. The occurrence of “cold tide” in wheat production in our province is relatively frequent, and the degree of frost damage is often different from the birth process of wheat. Therefore, if the weather is dry before the occurrence of cold weather, soil moisture is insufficient, it should be timely irrigation to increase soil moisture, or spraying fertilizer, and combined with 3 ~ 5 kg of urea per acre to accelerate the recovery of wheat growth.

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