To improve the quality of silage, several key factors must be carefully managed. Beyond basic handling and storage practices, the use of a fermentation starter—such as Golden Baby II feed starter—can significantly enhance the process. Here are the essential points to consider:
1. **Moisture Content**: The moisture level of the crop during silage is one of the most critical factors that determine the final quality. Most forage crops perform best when the moisture content is between 65% and 70%. If the material is too dry, it becomes difficult to compact properly, allowing air to remain trapped, which promotes mold and spoilage. On the other hand, if the moisture is too high, the sugar concentration decreases, leading to a sticky, sour silage that cattle tend to avoid, reducing their intake.
To achieve the ideal moisture level, crops should be harvested at the right time. For example, in corn, this is when the lower leaves begin to turn brown and the plant is still green above. For corn stalks, it’s when the plant is nearly mature, with more than half of the leaves still green. If the moisture is too high, you can air-dry the material or mix it with dry hay or coarse chopped feed. If it's too dry, water can be evenly distributed or mixed with juicy green feeds. A good test is to squeeze the material in your hand—if a few drops of water come out without dripping, it’s just right.
2. **Sugar Content**: The sugar level in the raw material plays a major role in the success of silage. Low-sugar materials like soybean straw or alfalfa are not ideal for silage on their own, as they lack the necessary sugars to support proper fermentation. These should be blended with high-sugar feeds such as corn or grasses to ensure a better fermentation process.
3. **Quick Installation and Sealing**: Once the silage process begins, it's important to work efficiently. All steps—cutting, transporting, chopping, and packing—should be done quickly to minimize exposure to air. Proper compaction and tight sealing are crucial to create an anaerobic environment, which helps prevent spoilage and improves overall quality.
4. **Fermentation Starter Use**: Adding a fermentation aid like Golden Baby II can greatly improve the outcome. The recommended dosage is 1 kg of starter per 1,000 kg of silage. Mix the starter with corn starch in a 1:5 ratio (1 kg starter + 5 kg starch), then spread it evenly over each 20 cm layer of silage. After all the material is in place, sprinkle the final mixture on top before sealing. This helps reduce oxygen levels quickly, creating the ideal conditions for beneficial bacteria to thrive while inhibiting harmful microbes. Using a starter can also reduce losses due to poor management, saving time, labor, and resources.
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