Spring soybean cultivation

1, species selection. According to the local ecological types and market requirements, selected breeds with appropriate maturity, high yield, high quality, and strong resistance, such as Xiangchundou 21, Xiangchundou 22, Xiangchundou No.23 and so on. Do it once every 3 years. 2, seed processing. Soybeans are grown in acidic soils. Ammonium molybdate is used as a seed dressing. Between 1 g and 1.5 g of ammonium molybdate per kilogram of soybean seed, 1% to 1.5% ammonium molybdate solution is sprayed on the seed surface to mix well and dried after sowing. 3, ploughing and soil preparation. Spring soybeans were planted in paddy fields and ploughed before winter. After ploughing, they were separated by 2m to 3m in width, and they were well-paved, gully and furrowed. The soil is required to be finely crushed, with no darkness and flat surfaces. The dry soil in winter is ploughed before winter, and the dry land where vegetables are grown in winter is ploughed by sunny days after harvesting vegetables. After ploughing, it is divided into 2 to 3 meters wide compartments to open the ditch and is used for fine soil preparation. 4, fertilization. Base fertilizer applies 400 kg of organic fertilizer per 667 square meters, 36 kg of calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizer, and 100 kg of urea need to be applied to thin soil. The farmer organic fertilizer is applied before the site preparation. The fertilizer is turned into the tillage layer by turning the land and the cultivated land. The fertilizer is applied during the soil preparation and is fused with the soil. Intercropping or due to the relationship between agricultural seasonal arrangements, inconvenience to the application of basic fertilizer to soybeans, can also be planned to put the base fertilizer on the soybean before. Every 667m2 of fertilization applies 150 kg of organic manure, 4.6 kg of urea, and 10 kg of potassium chloride. For soils with high soil fertility or where large quantities of high-quality farmyard fertilizers have been applied, nitrogen fertilizers may not be applied. The method of application is to apply the fertilizer to the sowing hole and apply a depth of 8 cm to 10 cm. The fertilizer and the seed are separated from the soil. This will not only prevent seed burning and seedling burning, but also provide sufficient nutrients for the soybean seedlings. Promote premature hair. Or compost fertilizer and compost after cover fertilizer. The soil in the middle and lower fertility level, the seed dressing, combined with the first cultivating and weeding, applies 5 kg of urea per 667 square meters, or 10 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer, or 250 kg of human feces, but also in the rain Before or after the rain, the nitrogen fertilizer is spread between the rows of the soybean plants at a distance of forty-five centimeters away from the soybean plants, but avoid direct contact of the fertilizers with the soybean plants to prevent burning of the seedlings. Soybeans with weaker growth have better dressing effect before or after flowering. Every 667 square meters topdressing 75 kg of urea, nitrogen fertilizer should be rushed before the rain or after the rain topdressing, but should pay attention to prevent direct contact of fertilizer and plants. 5, sowing. Seeding is started when the average daily temperature of 5 cm soil layer reaches 10°C~12°C, and the suitable sowing period is from the end of March to the beginning of April in the middle and low altitude areas. Hole sowing, row spacing 27 cm to 33 cm, 17 cm to 20 cm from the hole, sowing three or four seeds per hole, shallow sowing cover (cover 34 cm thick). The planting density should be determined according to the variety characteristics and the conditions of water and fertilizer. Early-maturing varieties are planted with 30,000 to 40,000 plants per 667 square meters, medium-maturing varieties planted at 25,000 to 35,000 plants, and late-maturing varieties planted at approximately 20,000 plants. 6, field management 1 transplant seedlings. In general, plots of seedling deficiency can be planted on the spot. When transplanting, the buried soil should be tight. If the soil moisture is small, water should be added to ensure the survival rate. In order to enable the seedlings transplanted and planted to grow rapidly, the seedlings should be given suitable topdressing after transplanting, and Miao Qi and Miao Zhuang should be promoted. If the seedling is severe, it will be directly replanted. 2 seedlings, Dingmiao. The seedlings were spread in two single leaves with flattening time, and the first one was compounded in the full extension period. When weak seedlings, weak strains, diseased strains and mixed strains should be eliminated and strong strains should be retained. 3 Cultivated weeding. The first arboriculture usually occurs when the first compound leaf appears and the cotyledon does not fall, and the second cultivator is performed when the seedling is about 20 cm high and the leaves are not enclosed. The first cultivator should be shallow and the second slightly deeper, combined with top dressing. 4 Irrigation. In case of high temperature and drought and drought during the grain phase, irrigation conditions should be timely irrigation. It is advisable to drench the ditch to prevent the formation of soil compaction by flood irrigation. 7, pest control 1 mosaic disease. Selection of disease-resistant varieties, production of virus-free seeds, early control of aphids. 2 Downy mildew. At the beginning of the onset and after the wind and rain spray protection, every 667 square meters was sprayed twice with 500 times liquid of 75 grams of Rhizoctonia spp., and sprayed once every 15 days. 3 bacterial spot disease. The 1:1:200 Bordeaux mixture was sprayed at the early stage of the disease or after the storm to control the spread of the disease. 4 small tigers. After the emergence of soybeans, spray the seedlings with 90% trichlorfon 800 times, spray once every 7 days, and spray two or three times in succession. 5 locusts. In the early stage of the outbreak, it is sprayed with 20% of good Anwei 3000 times to 5000 times of liquid and 75 kg of spray liquid per 667 square meters. 6 pods. With 90% crystal trichlorfon 700 times to 1000 times the liquid, 75 kg per 667 square meters of liquid medication.

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