The aquaculture environment includes the atmospheric environment, fish growth water environment and fishery water quality. The aquaculture environment must comply with the national standard “Environmental Requirements for Production Environment of Agricultural Products for Safety and Quality of Harmless Aquatic Products” (GB/T184074-2001), “Fisheries Water Quality Standard” (GB/T11607-89), and “Water Quality of Non-pollution Food Freshwater Aquaculture” (NY5051- 2001).

1. Aquaculture water selection

The cultured waters of herring should be selected in areas with a good ecological environment, adequate water sources, and no (or direct) acceptance of industrial “three wastes” and waters contaminated by agriculture, urban life, and medical waste. There are no sources of pollution that pose a threat to the aquaculture environment within the aquaculture waters, upwinds, and upstream of irrigation sources.

2. Clear the pond

Silt is composed of biological carcasses, residual food, feces, various organic debris, and various organic and earthy sediments. Through the decomposition and ion exchange of bacteria, they are continuously dissolved and released into water, providing nutrients for the proliferation of food organisms. However, too much sludge will produce large amounts of hydrogen sulfide, methane, organic acids, lower amines and mercaptans, etc. These substances accumulate in water and affect the health and growth of herring. Therefore, excess sludge should be removed. The specific measure is that every one or two years of breeding, it is appropriate to drain the pool water and excavate too much silt so that the sludge at the bottom of the pond is kept at about 20 cm. At the same time, let the bottom of the pool be exposed and frozen to kill pests, parasites and pathogenic bacteria.

3. Pond water disinfection

To improve the pond environment, eliminate predators and prevent bacterial diseases, disinfect ponds and bodies of water. Commonly used disinfectants and their dosages are as follows: 1 Disposal with quicklime with a content of 200-250 mg per liter, or with lime water with a content of 20-25 mg per liter. 2 Disinfect the whole cell with a bleaching powder with a content of 20 mg per liter, or bleaching powder with a content of 1.0-1.5 mg per liter. 3 Disinfect the whole pool with sodium dichloroisocyanurate solution with a content of 0.3-0.6 mg per liter, or disinfect the whole pool with 0.2-0.5 mg trichloroisocyanuric acid per liter.

4. Water Quality Management

Water environment is the basis for herring living and growing in the pond. Various fish farming methods also act on the fish body through the water environment. Therefore, water quality management is a “bridge” for the pollution-free culture of herring. To ensure that there is plenty of plankton in the pond water, and there are abundant organic matters and nutrient salts, the transparency of the pool water must be kept between 25-40 cm, the dissolved oxygen in the water is more than 4 mg, the pH is 7-8.5, and the water quality reaches “fat, Live, tender, cool" requirements.

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