Obstetric diseases in sows typically manifest as high fever, occurring from the first half of the month up to 7–10 days postpartum, with body temperatures ranging between 40.5°C and 41°C. Affected sows often lose their appetite, appear lethargic, have dry feces, dark yellow urine, and are unable to stand or lie comfortably. These conditions can lead to dystocia, irregular placental discharge, insufficient or excessive milk production, and severe mastitis or endometritis caused by lochia. This can result in prolonged estrus cycles or repeated infertility. Additionally, newborn piglets may suffer from low immunity, increased weaklings, and higher mortality due to secondary infections.
Currently, these diseases are quite common on pig farms, creating challenges for farm management and significantly affecting economic efficiency and long-term development. The causes are complex, with many attributing them to bacterial infections. However, reproductive disorders such as PRRS, pseudorabies, circovirus, and parvovirus also play a major role. Moreover, eperythrozoonosis, a cryptogenic infection, is frequently observed in sows. Therefore, it is essential for pig farms to enhance disease diagnosis and implement comprehensive prevention and health management strategies.
Based on clinical experience, the following prevention and control measures are recommended:
**Prevention:**
1. Administer Gao Ligao or Sulfo Gold combined with Sodium Selenite and Vitamin E seven days before mating or breeding, or inject Cefazefos 24 hours before mating. This helps prevent genital tract infections, supports ovulation, improves egg quality, and increases fertility rates.
2. Adjust feed formulations during pregnancy to meet nutritional needs, ensuring sows receive adequate nutrients to support fetal growth and improve overall health.
3. Add Gao Ligao or Shulin to the feed 7–10 days before farrowing to reduce the risk of pre- and postpartum infections, thereby improving piglet survival rates.
4. Inject Expeditionary New Omega at 0.1 ml/kg body weight 24 hours before and after birth to lower the incidence of endometritis and agalactia syndrome. Neonatal piglets should receive 0.5 ml, 0.5 ml, and 1 ml of New Omega on day 1, day 7, and day 14 or 21 postpartum, respectively, to reduce the occurrence of yellow and white diarrhea and respiratory diseases, and enhance survival rates for better fattening outcomes.
**Treatment:**
1. For sows experiencing high fever, anorexia, and constipation during pregnancy, administer Amoxisup or Sualin diluted with Antarctic Ice Needle via intramuscular injection once daily. If there is a concurrent erythrocyte infection, combine with multi-energy. Most cases can be resolved within 3–5 days.
2. In cases of postpartum high fever, anorexia, and infection, use Amoshu or Shutalin mixed with Super Linmei via intramuscular injection once daily. Severe cases may require additional treatments such as intravenous fluids or supportive care.
With the rapid development of the aquaculture industry, farm sizes have expanded, and the introduction of new breeds has led to more diverse and unpredictable disease outbreaks. Many farmers lack sufficient preventive measures, relying mainly on treatment after symptoms appear, which leads to improper medication use, increasing drug resistance and pathogen diversity. As a result, some diseases persist on farms, making eradication difficult. To address this, farmers should focus on strengthening comprehensive disease prevention, improving feeding and management practices, developing effective health plans, enhancing disease resistance, and ultimately increasing breeding efficiency.