The long growing period of cotton, the large amount of fertilizer needed, the frequent frequency of conventional fertilization, and the inconvenience of the topdressing operation, due to the blind fertilization of many farmers, caused the problems such as low fertilizer utilization rate, gradual increase of cost, gradual reduction of benefits and non-point source pollution, etc. Demand for modern agriculture. The “special slow and controlled release fertilizer for cotton” developed by the Institute of Cotton Research of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences has become the support technology for the high-yield, high-yield, light-weight cultivation of cotton. The emergence of this fertilizer has effectively compensated for some of the problems facing the current cotton cultivation.

The disadvantages of traditional planting methods

First, cotton has a lot of labor and the process is complicated. Compared with field crops such as food, cotton has a long production cycle, many links, and complicated technology. Generally, about 25 labors are used per mu, which is about 4 times that of wheat, 3 times that of corn, and 2.5 times that of rice. From plant to harvest, cotton The entire management operation process requires 40 processes. Secondly, the rapid increase in the price of means of production has led to an increase in the cost of planting fertilizers and pesticides, and the benefits have continued to decline. Secondly, rural young and middle-aged laborers work in large numbers to work in the cities, making the farming areas "aged," "women's," "part-time," and "counter-industry." Therefore, the original intensive farming technology is no longer suited to the needs of the new situation. Finally, the production of foodstuffs basically achieved mechanization, and the cultivation systems and planting methods and techniques of the original intercropping cotton fields (wrapped with cotton and cotton, double sets of oil and cotton) were also not suitable.

The advantages of slow and controlled release fertilizers for cotton

The main characteristics of the special controlled-release fertilizer for cotton are: First, slow and controlled release technology is used to achieve the synchronization of nutrient release rate and cotton growth. Second, the province saves money and is friendly to the environment. After the application of slow and controlled release fertilizer, the fertilization amount per unit area was reduced by more than 15% while maintaining the same yield, saving 50% of fertilizing labor and saving more than 20% of the fertilization cost. Second, the transformation and greatly simplified cotton fertilization techniques. A one-time application of transplanting fertilizer can meet the needs of the entire growth period of cotton. The number of fertilizer application is reduced from 3-5 to 1-2 times, and its fertilizer utilization rate is increased by more than 10% compared with ordinary compound fertilizers such as nutrients. . This solves the major problem in the critical period of cotton growth (flower and boll stage) that it cannot be top-dressed due to drought or rain, or the occurrence of dead seedlings after applying large amounts of fertilizer.

Application of Slow-Controlled Release Fertilizer for Cotton

The special controlled release fertilizer for cotton has different application methods depending on the topography and climatic conditions.

1. Apply 100-100 kg of special controlled-release fertilizer for cotton per acre (as a base fertilizer or transplanting a ditch), and apply 5-10 kg of urea per acre for flowering period (from the end of July to early August). In dry years, the terrain has a higher drainage and better cotton fields.

2. Apply 80-100 kg of cotton for each acre of controlled-release fertilizer and 30-50 kg of cake fertilizer for base fertilizer (or transplanted fertilizer) under a single application (fertilization time is the same as method 1), suitable for years of drought, high ground Better drainage of cotton fields.

3. Apply 40-50 kg of cotton for each acre of special controlled-release fertilizer + 10 kg of potassium chloride + 25 kg of superphosphate + 50 kg of cake fertilizer for basal or transplanted fertilizer. Add 20 kg per acre from the end of July to early August. Urea is used as a top dressing fertilizer, which is suitable for cotton fields where there is rain for many years and the terrain is poorly drained.

The above three methods apply 0.5%-1.0% urea solution plus 0.3%-0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution in the mid-August to the beginning of September. Spray every 7-10 days, spray 3-4 times.

It should be noted that: First, the slow and controlled release fertilizer must not be applied in a single hole or in a full field, and it is required to focus on deepening. The ditch should be 15-20 cm deep and 30-35 cm apart from the cotton plant. Spread the fertilizer evenly over the ditch and cover it again. Second, as a basal fertilizer (or transplanted fertilizer) sufficient early application, in the middle and late should not be applied. Third, the use of low-lying, waterlogged and poorly drained cotton fields should not be applied. Fourth, see Miao Hua Tiao, according to the growth of cotton, from the bud stage began to spray the amount of dilute amine regulation.

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