Wild ducks' daily management breeding techniques
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1. Temperature: The brooding temperature starts at 30°C. After that, the temperature can be lowered by 1°C every 2 days, and after the 20th day of age, the temperature is changed to the conventional broody temperature of 20°C.
2. Humidity: Relative humidity should be controlled at about 70%. Early brooding prevents the humidity from being too low and the humidity should be kept high in later stages. In order to keep the ground dry, the floor should be covered with straw or rice bran.
3. Density: 40/m2 for 1 to 10 days, 30/m2 for 11 to 20 days, 25/m2 for 21 to 30 days, and indoor/outdoor after 20 days of weather Grazing, 50 to 100 for a group.
4. Ventilation: Attention must be paid to air ventilation in the case of heat preservation in order to discharge moisture and ammonia in the brooding room. During the winter and spring rainy season, ventilation windows open during the day and close at night.
5, light: 1 to 10 days of daily lighting time of not less than 20 hours, light intensity of 8w / square meter. Artificial light was stopped during the day from 11 to 20 days, and nighttime supplemental lighting was gradually reduced. Natural light was used after 21 days of age.
6, drinking water: 12 hours after the shell into the brood chamber, start drinking water, supply the same room temperature and the same 0.1% potassium permanganate solution, warm water before 10 days of age. Must ensure adequate drinking water, in the drinking water can add B vitamins.
7, feeding: 2 to 3 hours after drinking can eat. Mixed feed should be used. You can also use wet powder or broken granules with water and eat less meals. 1 to 10 days of age fed 7 times a day, including night feeding 2 times; 11 to 20 days of age fed 5 times a day, including 1 night feeding; 21 days after feeding 4 times a day. Each time you feed compound feed, you can add fresh green grass and kelp powder, such as shredded young grass and vegetable leaves, and fresh live animals such as small fish, snail meat, oyster meat, and quail to facilitate the growth of ducklings.
8. Drainage: After 7 days of age, activities can be carried out in shallow water, 2 times a day, 1 time each in the morning and afternoon, 0.5 to 1 hour each time. After 10 days of age, he is free to launch activities.
Second, the rearing period of the breeding period refers to the 31 to 60 days of age, during which the wild ducks grow fastest. For the 60-day-old seed selection, the weights of the general ducks and the eliminated ducks are similar to those of the ducks, so they can be listed as meat ducks.
1. The construction of duck houses: The terrain should be slightly higher, the leewards should be sunny, and the houses near the water source should be built. Most of them are semi-open duck houses, with playgrounds and water surfaces. Each duck house is 6m long, 4m wide and 2.5m high. The front wall is open. The area ratio of the duck house, playground and water surface is 1:2:3. The normal density is 10-15/m2.
2. Escape Nets: The wing feathers of the mallard duck are basically long at 50 days old and begin to fly. Therefore, metal or nylon net covers must be placed around the sports ground and water surface. The mesh should be 2cm2cm in order to prevent flight. Water poles or metal nets should be deep to the bottom of the river to prevent escape. The breeder should wear plain clothes to prevent outsiders from entering the duck house and disturbing the ducks.
3. Carefully feeding: The use of compound feed, adhere to regularly scheduled feeding, feeding 3 times a day, and gradually increase the amount of feed with the body weight (daily feeding amount of 5% of its weight). If it is used as a back-up duck, the green and succulent feed should be increased as appropriate, and the amount should be about 15% of the total feed to properly control body weight. Prenatal 30 to 40 days, green material can be increased to 55 to 70%, rough material accounts for 20 to 30%, fine material accounted for 10 to 15%.
4. Scientific management: Clean the duck house every day, change the bedding and ventilation, keep the water source clean and hygienic, and make sure that each duck has a feeding position. Weigh the body weight regularly and adjust the diet as appropriate so that the bred ducks can reach the standard body weight and the ducks can be listed on the market.
5, fully grazing: After 40 days of age, in addition to bad weather, should be implemented for stocking, on the one hand can keep it wild, on the other hand also exercise its gregariousness, overcome the lack of nutrients in feed, to improve the duck physique and species Useful value is of great benefit. Ducks for meat use should be reduced stocking or all feeding, increase protein feed, add some feed additives, promote growth, improve meat quality.
Third, the breeding of wild ducks The artificial breeding conditions, mallards reached sexual maturity at 170 days of age, slightly earlier than the ducks. The average annual egg production is about 120 eggs.
1. Breeding duck selection: The duck requires a large head, a strong body, a lively, green head and neck, and strong mating ability. The mother duck requires a small head, a slender neck, and a large eye. The male duck must not weigh less than 1.25 kg, and the female duck must not fall below 1 kg. Ducks generally use 1 to 2 years.
2. Breeding proportion: The ratio of male and female ducks to breeding is 1:5~10, depending on the weather and the fertilization rate of the eggs, the ratio should be properly adjusted.
3. Careful feeding: Timely addition of bone meal and shell powder during egg production; Before the peak of egg production, the protein content should be increased and fed 4 times a day. Supplement artificial light for 2 to 3 hours in the morning and evening, so that the daily illumination time reaches 15 hours. During the laying period, attention should be paid to the stability of the formulated feed and should not be changed easily; if there is a need for change, there should be a transition period of 7 days.
4. Scientific management: The duck house should be kept clean and sanitary. It is necessary to pave the straw in the house and set up more egg nests so that the mother ducks can lay eggs. Pay attention to the severe changes in the weather, winter cold, summer heatstroke. At the same time, the quiet environment of ducks should be maintained to prevent all kinds of stress. Ducks must be ducked in the fall and winter in order to prevent duck body fat. The stocking density is 8 to 10/square meter.
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