First, the living habits of pheasants

Pheasants have strong adaptability and are widely distributed. Pheasants are almost everywhere in all parts of the world. Pheasants have small-scale and vertical migration habits that change with the seasons. In the summer, they live in the bushes on the edge of needles and broad-leaved mixed forests at higher altitudes, and they migrate to sheltered sunny places at low altitudes in autumn. Pheasants have a very mixed diet, mainly plant-based, like to eat plants sprouts, seeds, fruits, etc., as well as beans, cereals, and occasionally prey insects. The pheasant eats a small amount of food and prefers to eat less.

Pheasant wings have poor flying ability and are not good at flying. They often cannot take off after several landings. Pheasants are good at running and jumping. Pheasants can reach sexual maturity within 10 to 11 months and begin breeding. The peak period of pheasant reproduction is from May to June. There are two nests of eggs each year. Each nest has 10 to 15 eggs, and the eggs weigh 25 to 28 grams. Most of them are light yellow and oval.

Second, the farm construction

The pheasant farmhouse should be selected in a place that is conducive to drainage and drying, leeward, non-polluting sources, convenient transportation and not close to villages, factories and mines, and relatively quiet and sanitary water sources and power sources. Each house is suitable for 32 square meters. In scale farming, each house is 36 meters long, 8 meters wide and 2 meters high. There are activity venues in front of the chicken house, each of which is separated by a nylon net or barbed wire and covered with a net to prevent flight. From July to August, the weather is hot and should be sheltered.

1. Brooding room

Divided into two kinds of plane type and cage type, requiring good insulation properties, but also conducive to ventilation exhaust emissions.

The flat brooding room is 20 meters long, 5 meters wide and 2.5 to 2.8 meters high. It is divided into 4 boards by fiberboard or brick. One side of each hallway is left with a thermal insulation board at the top. The wall is about 30 centimeters away from the ground. A window at the top of the wall provides ventilation. Each set up a warm umbrella, or use 8 infrared light bulbs as a heat source. The floor mat is covered with chaff. 400 to 500 broods per fertile brood, each with 1600 to 2,000 fertile chicks.

The cage-type brooding room is equipped with a series of cages in the room to facilitate management, increase brood density, reduce fecal exposure and gastrointestinal diseases. The cage is 100 cm long, 50 cm wide and 45 cm high. The bottom mesh requires 31 cm or 11 cm, and the side mesh is 31 cm or 21 cm. There are 40 broods per cage.

2. Zhongdou network room

Each building is 25 meters long, 5 meters wide and 1.8 meters high. A connected stadium is built on the south side of the poultry house. It is 2.5 meters long, 3 meters wide, and 1.8 meters high. There are 5 nylon nets for each house, and Skynet is provided. The mesh is 1.51.5 cm. Place bricks on the floor and add sand. Each room can be raised from 150 to 200.

3. Chicken net room

Each building is 40 meters long, 5 meters wide and 2.4 meters high. The peripheral sports field is 40 meters long, 7.5 meters wide and 1.8 to 2 meters high. Each building is divided into 10 meshes with a nylon mesh and 33 cm mesh. The interior is bricked and the playground is covered with sand. Each breeding 50 to 70.

4. Feeding equipment

(1) Incubator available Home chicken power incubator.

(2) Brooding equipment brooding racks, brooding cages, electric heating, brooding umbrellas, etc.

(3) Feeding equipment The troughs and sinks are made of galvanized iron. Drinking fountains are available in tower and square trays.

Third, feeding and management

According to the growth characteristics of pheasants, its feeding and management are roughly divided into three stages, namely: brooding period, adolescent period and adulthood.

Brooding period: From hatching to de-warming, it is generally about 42 days. This stage is the early period of pheasant incubation, it is a period of time for pheasants more difficult to raise. In order to increase the survival rate, please note the following points:

1. Control temperature

Proper ventilation and insulation are the key to brooding. The brooding room floor or the brooding box can be covered with chaff, and heat preservation umbrellas or infrared lamps are used as the heat source. The temperature should be held in: The first three days to 35 °C is appropriate, after every two days drop once, depending on the situation after 10 days flexible control. The relative temperature is generally 65%. Indoor air should be kept fresh, but dampers should be installed to prevent thieves from entering.

2. In time to eat

After chicks dry their shells and go feathers, they are quickly moved to the brooding room or brooding box. After 24 hours, they should be provided with water immediately. At the beginning, it was fed with 0.01% potassium permanganate water, and the water temperature was similar to room temperature. Within a week, use a mixture of 5% glucose and 0.1% vitamin C mixed with a small amount of feed. After the chicks are fed diets, 1 to 2 weeks of age, feeding once every 2 to 3 hours, 8 times daily, 3 to 5 weeks of age, 5 times a day, and 3 times a day thereafter.

3. Timely grouping

The group of chicks should not be too large, grouped with age, generally 1 square meter, 60 to 70 on 1 to 10 days, 40 to 50 on 11 to 20 days, 20 to 30 on 21 to 30 days, 25 square meters Rice broilers are usually about 400 to 500 broilers. At the same time, attention should be paid to the division of strength and strength to maintain the same growth of chickens.

4. Vaccination

7-day-old H120-drinking water, 14-day-old Newcastle disease IV strain and bursal culms were used to drink water, and 30 days old Newcastle disease IV strain and bursal vaccine were used.

Youth: Young pheasants from 42 to 120 days of age. The fastest growing time in this period, the daily gain of up to 10 to 15 grams. As a meat product, it can be listed at the end of the breeding period at this stage.

Pheasants are omnivorous birds, mainly plant seeds (such as barley, corn, weed seeds, etc.), young grass, vegetables. In order to achieve the best growth and reproduction requirements of pheasants, it is better to provide balanced feed for formula according to the requirements of the pheasants at different periods and different growth stages.

Pheasants have small crop hoppers and small amounts of food. Therefore, feeding a small amount of food should be done several times. Each day needs 70 to 100 grams of standardized ingredients and is accompanied by appropriate amounts of green grass or vegetables.

Adulthood: Pheasants over 10 months of age are adult chickens. Kinds of chickens can be divided into preparations for breeding during the management period, from January to March; egg production period, from April to July; wool-wintering period, from August to December. During the egg production period, feeding the chicken eggs with the full price of the chicken requires the highest level of nutrition; during the breeding period and the wintering period, the nutritional level is the same. Add 20% to 25% of animal feed in the egg-laying diet to meet the needs of general consumption during breeding and laying. The number of feedings of adult pheasants varied from season to season, and they were fed 3 times a day in spring, summer and autumn and 2 times in winter. Wash the sink once a day for drinking water once. Adult chickens are housed in large net rooms, with 1 to 2 per square meter. It is better to have 100 chickens. When laying eggs, 0.5 cm thick fine sand should be placed on the floor of the net room, and the pheasant should be cut once to prevent quail eggs. At the same time, during the production period, it is necessary to keep the quietness of the housing and prevent the frightening group from affecting the production of eggs. The eggs produced are timely picked out to prevent breakage. When wintering is applied, the animals should be grouped and reared in groups according to the number of eggs laid, broken once again, and maintained at an appropriate temperature for safe wintering.

The laying time is usually from 10 am to 3 pm. The male-female ratio is 4:1 or 5:1. Grouping in mid-April can achieve timely mating, high egg production rate, and high rate of allocation. Among the roosters, the strongest ones are males, and those who are physically strong are "princes," and the idea is to increase the number of matings.

Four, hatching eggs

The number of rearing is small and chickens can be hatched on behalf of the family. Large quantities are hatched by artificial means and hatched with various heat sources (eg, hatching, water hatching, lamp hatching, and electric hatching). Incubation first is to look at the quality of the eggs; the second is to look at temperature and humidity; the third is to see the operation method.

Eggs can not be preserved for more than 5 days. Over time, the blastoderm becomes old. The suitable temperature for storage is 18°C ​​and the relative humidity is 70% to 80%. Eggs should be placed upside down on egg trays. Save more than 5 to 7 days, turning eggs 1 to 2 times a day. Eggs were sterilized using formalin fumigation, benzalkonium spray and potassium permanganate soaking.

The temperature during hatching cannot exceed that of chickens. Generally, the temperature is 37 to 37.5°C for 1 to 20 days, and the relative humidity is 65% to 70%. During the incubation period of 21 to 24 days, the temperature drops to 37°C and the relative humidity increases. To 70% to 75%.

When the eggs are hatched in 1 to 20 days, the eggs are turned once every 2 hours, turning the eggs 8 to 12 times a day, and the angle is 90, so that the embryos are heated evenly. During the 7 to 20 days of incubation, excess heat should be dissipated in time and the eggs should be aired for 10 minutes each day. The first test was performed in 7 to 8 days. The fertilization of the eggs was observed, and no zygotes and dead zygotes were detected. The second test was performed in 19 to 20 days to remove the dead fetus eggs.

During the incubation period, attention should be paid to changes in temperature, recording for 2 hours, maintaining a good humidity ratio, and ventilating the incubator room. After hatching for 23 days, hatching and shelling were carried out. The young chicks were placed in a hatcher for about 2 hours. The feathers were dried and placed in a brooding box. The chicks were taken every 2 hours and examined once.

Fifth, how to make pheasants breeding in the anti-season

The reproduction of pheasants usually starts from April to May each year and stops until September. Since the pheasant's growth to market time takes 4 to 5 months, its time to market is concentrated from September to January. According to China's climatic characteristics and traditional customs, the 9th to December months when a large number of pheasants are listed is the off-season for market demand. Before and after the February season, it is the best selling season for pheasants. Its sales price is 2 times higher than the off-season. the above. Therefore, the raising of pheasants in the off-season is generally profitable. In the peak season, the raising of households has been profitable, but the general raising of households can not do it. Based on the practice of keeping pheasants for more than ten years, this field has been cultivating a large number of pheasants breeding in the off-season for many years, so that pheasants will breed eggs all year round. Pheasants will be listed on the market throughout the year and their economic benefits will increase. The main technical measures are as follows:

1. Obtain the pheasant population of off-season eggs

The source of these chicken species is from the pheasant seedlings that were released at the latest in autumn each year from the autumn of the year. Generally, the pheasant seedlings hatched in late December were raised after 7 months, that is, in July. Production is suspended until December. Production of seedlings left in February is generally started in October until the end of March. Egg production per hen ranges from 100 to 120 eggs. These eggs are hatched and reared 4 to 5 Month listing is exactly from January to June. It is the best-selling season for commercial pheasants. At the same time, the pheasant hatched from December to March can be kept as a counter-season breeding pheasant population in the next year.

2. Rearing offspring pheasant breeders

(1) The roosters are best kept 1 month in advance to make them mature at the same time as the hens are ready for production, and to facilitate mating. At the same time, the roosters need to avoid encountering relatives, which is beneficial to improving hatching rate, reducing weak chicks, and improving breeds.

(2) During the breeding stage, egg yolk material can be used, plus fish meal, vitamin A, vitamin D and other additives.

(3) It can be kept indoors during the cold winter season and light is 16 hours per day.

Jiangsu Taixing Guojun pheasant (pheasant) breeding and hatching field Li Guojun 13815877743 Website:

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