Causes and Prevention of Malformed Fruit Formation in Strawberry in Protected Field
April 27 03:03:17, 2019
In the process of strawberry cultivation in protected areas, there are often malformed fruits, mainly fruits are too fat or too thin, and they are chicken-like and flat-shaped, which not only seriously affects the fruit quality, but also greatly reduces the yield and economic benefits. The main cause of malformed fruit formation in strawberry is poor pollination, but the degree of its occurrence is related to the following factors: 1 Variety. Fertility of the varieties themselves is not high, stamens are stunted, and male and female organ cultures are inconsistent, resulting in incomplete pollination and malformation. Such as Dana and other varieties, prone to stamen short, long pistil phenomenon, small and small pollen grains, germination power is poor, so prone to malformation. 2 Visit flower insects. In the protected areas, there are few bee pollinators or environmental influences, and the low sugar content of nectar in flowers cannot attract insects to pollinate and poor pollination. 3 temperature and humidity. High temperature, low temperature or high humidity can cause malformation. Flowering and Pollination Seven, the temperature exceeds pollen development; the temperature can cause the receptacle to become dark; high humidity affects the anther cracking, and cause the water droplets to wash the stigma. Flower spray. Spraying flowers during flowering can wash the stigma, especially if the flowers are opened on the same day, which will not only interfere with pollination, but will also hinder the visiting insects, resulting in increased malformation rate. At present, the following countermeasures can be taken to prevent strawberry from producing malformed fruit in production: 1. Use breeds with high fertility. In Lihong, Chunxiang, Baojiaoshengsheng and Hongyi, it is best to maintain early fertility. Pollinating varieties were selected to be mixed with the main cultivars, such as Chunxiang, which is rich in pollen, and the ratio should be 2 larvae inside the shed. The strawberry cultivated in the protected area has an early flowering period and there are few natural flowering insects in the early stage. Therefore, it is better to store the bees in the shed. About 5,000 per standard shed, the pollination rate can reach 100%. The beekeeping time is 8-9 am and 3-4 pm. 3 control of temperature and humidity. Flowering and fruit setting period should always ventilate and cool down. The daytime temperature is generally kept at 20-28 during the night and kept at 6-70C, and the relative humidity is controlled below 90%. A drip-free membrane shed is used to prevent water droplets from eroding the stigma. 4 thinning fruits and vegetables. Sparse secondary flowers and deformed small fruit can significantly reduce the rate of malformed fruit, and is conducive to the concentration of nutrients, increase the weight of single fruit or fruit quality. 5 Reduce medication. The use of virus-free seedlings, plastic film cover and other agricultural measures, try not to use drugs or reduce medication. Severe pests should be used before or after flowering. Flowering is strictly prohibited during the flowering period. If necessary, the beehive should be removed and treated with a smoke agent. 6 artificial pollination. 11-12 at flowering time is the peak period of flower cracking, artificial breeze-assisted pollination (such as fan rafts, etc.), with good results.
Description
Tilmicosin is a broad-spectrum semi-synthetic bactericidal macrolide antibiotic synthesized from Tylosin. It has an antibacterial spectrum that is predominantly effective against Mycoplasma, Pasteurella and Haemophilus spp. and various Gram-positive organisms such as Corynebacterium spp. It is believed to affect bacterial protein synthesis through binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. Cross-resistance between tilmicosin and other macrolide antibiotics has been observed. Following oral administration, tilmicosin is excreted mainly via the bile into the faeces, with a small proportion being excreted via the urine.
Tilmicosin Powder are used for chicken Mycoplasma infection, Pasteurella infection.Such as, air sacculitis, chronic respiratory disease.
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