Chicken typhoid fever is an acute, subacute or chronic infectious disease caused by Salmonella Typhimurium. The disease occurs mainly in adult chickens and young chickens. Chicks are rare in acute or subacute epidemics. The chicks of the two medium-sized broiler farms not far from each other experienced the epidemic of chicken typhus at two different times within a quarter. The specific situation is described below for reference.

1. Chicken typhoid fever is an acute, subacute or chronic infectious disease caused by Salmonella Typhimurium. The disease occurs mainly in adult chickens and young chickens. Chicks are rare in acute or subacute epidemics. The chicks of the two medium-sized broiler farms not far from each other experienced the epidemic of chicken typhus at two different times within a quarter. The specific situation is described below for reference.

2, clinical symptoms

The diseased chickens mainly showed poor appetite and serious food waste. Loss of energy, loose feathers, slow and powerless movements, weight loss, and sick chickens. A few have similar neurological symptoms and are lying upside down. Symptoms of diarrhea are much milder than those of chickens. Only some of the dead chickens have faeces on the anus. Some of the chickens do not have faeces on the anus, but they can pull out a thin paste of feces when catching chickens. The faeces are mostly yellowish, and a few are gray and yellow. Or slightly bloody.

3, anatomical lesions

The typical lesions are mainly in the liver, and one kind of lesion is a gray necrotic foci with many sesame size on the surface of the liver, which is a sample of birds. The other typical lesion is that there are one or more large round lesions on the liver surface of some chickens. Neat, good or bad organization, greenish-brown, with grayish or gray-black dots at the center; the third is that some liver tissue is bronze, spleen and kidneys are markedly red and swollen, intestinal mucosal congestion is bleeding, and intestinal contents are thin. Paste, mainly gray and yellow.

4, laboratory inspection results:

4.1. Bacterial isolation and culture: The blood and liver of 6 diseased chickens were inoculated on blood agar plate medium. After culturing at 37°C for 24 hours, the liver had a lot of the same bacterial growth. The colony size was about 1-2mm. Slightly raised, the edges are neat, moist and transparent. Efforts to grow aseptically.

4.2. Microscopic examination of culture: Take the colony smear on the blood agar culture medium and observe the result under the staining microscope. The bacterium is a gram-negative straight rod without decidua.

4.3 Biochemical test results: See the table below. Table Separation Bacteria Biochemical Test Results 靛 Matrix Hydrogen Sulfide MR VP Glucose Maltose Sucrose Arabinose Xylose Sugar Urease Inositol Fructose - - + - + - - + d - + - + Note: "-" is negative, "+" Acid production or positive, "d" gas production is uncertain.

4.4 Drug susceptibility test: The strain is highly sensitive to Gentamicin, amikacin, norfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, and Pioneer V. The antibacterial diameters were 25mm, 22mm, 22mm, 24mm and 27mm, respectively.

4.5, drug control results: According to drug sensitivity test results, the field of drinking water and injection combined medication, continuous medication for 5 days. At the same time, the disinfection and sanitation work was strengthened. As a result, the disease was quickly controlled.

5, discussion and summary:

5.1: From the effect of the administration, the isolated bacteria must be the pathogen of this chick disease epidemic. However, there are inconsistencies in the names of these diseases in domestic related works, such as Salmonella typhimurium, and chicken typhoid fever- Salmonella gallinarum. The authors also claimed that the disease was chicken typhoid, because the often-occurring chicks, whether they were symptoms or lesions, were significantly different from the clinical symptoms and lesions that occurred this time. The name given to chicken typhoid fever was more clear.

5.2: The biochemical identification results of the pathogen are consistent with the document data, but it also lacks some contents. In particular, the single-factor serum plate agglutination test is not performed, so that the antigen structure is not clear, and it cannot be stated that it is a standard strain, intermediate Type strains or mutant strains. It also cannot identify its source.

5.3: The source of the etiology of this outbreak is worth pondering: The chickens in these two broiler farms have come from the same farm for a longer period of time. The disease has not occurred in the long term, and it was only in January. A field occurred, so it can not be said that it came from the chicken seedlings; the feed of the two chicken farms were all from the same feed mill, but the first was an A field, and the other was not a B field, so it could not be said that the feed was caused by pathogens; Rats can spread the disease, so the field must control the epidemic and rodent control cannot be ignored. It is not surprising that both A and B personnel are often involved. It is not surprising that A personnel can bring pathogens to B at any time! This shows that there are still problems with its comprehensive health measures.

5.4: The document mentions that the symptoms of chicken fleas and chicken typhoid are very similar to those of chicken typhus. From the epidemic, the two diseases are not difficult to distinguish.

5.5: The blood culture results of the six dying chicks were all negative. Therefore, it can be said that the incidence of septicemia in sub-acute chicks is not high. It is mainly due to the direct invasion of the digestive system.

Analgin Injection INDICATIONS
Analgesic-antipyretic, for myalgia, colic, rheumatism and fever disease in animals.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
For intramuscular administration, calculated on metamizole sodium.
Horses and cattle: 3-10g for a single dose.
Sheep and goats: 1-2g for a single dose.
Pigs: 1-3g for a single dose.
Dogs: 0.3-0.6g for a single dose.
ADVERSE REACTION
Long-term use may cause neutropenia.
CONTRAINDICATION AND PRECAUTION
Not for acupoint-injection, in particular not suitable for joints injected, it may cause muscle atrophy and joint dysfunction.
WITHDRAWAL PERIOD
Cattle, sheep, goats and pigs: 28 days.
Milk: 7 days.

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