1. Feeding Management Before Mating

Before mating, it is crucial to ensure that the ewes are in optimal health and condition. This includes proper feeding and nutritional support to prepare them for breeding. Ewes that are underweight or weak should be given extra nutrients to help them regain strength and improve their chances of successful reproduction. At the sheep farm in Qinshui County, Boer ewes are primarily fed with a combination of dry forages such as hawthorn vines and peanut stalks, which they can graze on freely for about four hours daily. In addition, they receive a supplemental feed mix of approximately 0.4 kg per day.

Species

Content

Crude Protein

Metabolic Energy

Calcium

Phosphorus

Corn

60%

5.166

1.812

0.024

0.126

Soybean Meal

25%

11.8

0.768

0.08

2. Feeding and Management During Pregnancy

During the first three months of pregnancy, the nutritional needs of the ewe are similar to those when she is not pregnant. However, during the second trimester, the fetus grows rapidly, and by the end of this period, around 80% of its body weight has been gained. Therefore, it’s essential to increase the metabolic energy by 15–20%, and calcium and phosphorus levels by 40–50%. Vitamin A and D should also be supplemented. In the later stages of pregnancy, each ewe is typically given 0.6–0.8 kg of concentrate daily, along with 3–5 g of bone meal. About ten days before birth, more juicy feeds are added to the diet. It's important to manage pregnant ewes carefully, avoiding stress, overcrowding, and sudden movements. They should not eat moldy or frozen feed to prevent miscarriage.

3. Feeding and Management During Lactation

Lactation typically lasts two to three months after birth. In the early stages, milk is the main source of nutrition for lambs, especially during the first 15–20 days. Ewes must be provided with full-nutrient feeding during this time. Boer lambs gain about 200–250 grams per day, requiring roughly 100 grams of milk for every 100 grams of weight gain. To produce 500 grams of milk, the ewe needs 0.3 kg of air-dried feed, or 33 grams of protein, 1.2 grams of calcium, and 1.2 grams of phosphorus. As the lambs grow, the amount of feed given to the ewe can gradually decrease until weaning. Nursing ewes should have controlled concentrate intake. For the first few days after birth, they should not be overfed. Succulent feed and concentrates should be reduced gradually before weaning to avoid mastitis. The lambing area should be kept clean and disinfected regularly, with placenta and hairballs removed promptly to prevent disease. On the water-breeding farms, Boer ewes are given 1–2 kg of succulent feed and 0.6–1 kg of concentrate daily, along with free-choice hay. Lambs are introduced to commercial piglet feed at 15–20 days old and gradually transitioned to green feed. Weaning usually occurs around 2 months of age.

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