Talk about Taiwan's Mushroom Cultivation Technology
Industrial Grade Formates,Ammonium Formate,Formic Acid Potassium Salt,Potassium Formate Wuxi Yangshan Biochemical Co.,Ltd. , https://www.yangshanchem.com
July 12 10:12:22, 2025
First, the cultivation techniques.
1. Choose a suitable strain. Among the oyster mushroom species, specifically *Pleurotus ostreatus*, there are various temperature types available. In Taiwan, most cultivated strains are wide-temperature or high-temperature types, allowing for year-round production. It is essential to select high-quality strains that offer fast fruiting, high yield, strong resistance, and good adaptability. The "Baby 2" strain is widely used in Fujian due to its ability to produce mushrooms even during hot summer months, making it a favorite among farmers.
2. Select the appropriate cultivation period. To ensure healthy mycelium growth and reduce the risk of bacterial contamination, it's best to start seed production when temperatures begin to drop after autumn. This helps maintain an optimal environment for the mycelium, leading to better overall growth.
3. Choose the right formula. A common formula includes 96% cottonseed hulls, 2% gypsum, 1% lime, and 1% superphosphate. Another option is 40% mixed wood chips or bagasse, 55% cottonseed hulls, 2% soybean flour or cornmeal, 2% gypsum, and 1% superphosphate. These formulas provide the necessary nutrients and structure for successful mushroom growth.
4. Select the appropriate cultivation method. Depending on local conditions, various methods such as bottle, potted, box planting, or bed cultivation can be used. However, for large-scale operations, floor-standing cultivation is often preferred due to its efficiency, ease of management, and convenience in harvesting.
5. Implement scientific management practices. During the fruiting stage, it's crucial to balance four key factors: temperature, humidity, air quality, and light. Proper nutrient supplementation at the right time ensures both high yield and superior quality.
Establish a cold treatment system. To enhance the temperature fluctuation effect, especially during summer, the mushroom bags should be placed in a 5–8°C cold storage for 8–12 hours before entering the fruiting stage. This process stimulates fruiting and prevents the mushrooms from failing to develop under normal temperatures. Cold treatment significantly increases yield and ensures consistent annual production.
Set up a temperature, humidity, and light control system. Temperature regulation should create a significant day-night difference, with cold treatment during high-temperature periods. Humidity should be maintained using ultrasonic mist sprayers for fine misting. Air conditioning ensures proper ventilation and a positive pressure air supply to keep COâ‚‚ levels low, preventing malformed mushrooms. Light should be diffused, with increased brightness in winter to prevent darkening of the caps and improve mushroom firmness.
Develop a nutritional supplement system. After multiple harvests, the substrate becomes depleted, and poor ventilation in the water spray bags can lead to reduced yields. To counter this, "small gas" and "amplify gas" treatments are recommended, along with soaking the bags in a solution made of 10,000 times diluted nutrient concentrate plus 0.2% potassium dihydrogen Phosphate. This helps restore nutrients and boosts both yield and quality.
Second, focus on timely harvesting and preservation. Mushrooms should be harvested when the cap reaches about 3 cm in length (depending on the variety, between 2–4.5 cm). They should be sent to processing plants immediately, sorted, graded, and packaged according to market standards. Throughout storage and transportation, maintaining a temperature of 5–8°C is essential to prevent premature opening of the caps and discoloration due to aging.