To improve the nutritional status of goats, especially after breeding rams have been used, it is essential to provide them with sufficient grass and balanced feed. Based on their body condition, breeding frequency, and libido, it is recommended to supplement their diet with 0.5 to 1.0 kg of wheat bran, beans, or cake concentrates daily. Additionally, feeding 2 to 3 eggs per day can help maintain energy levels. To support bone health, 10 grams of bone meal and 15 grams of salt should be included in their diet. Feeding should be done three times a day, with an increased portion at night to allow the rams to recover during rest.
Secondly, effective management of goat breeding requires close attention to the ewe’s estrus cycle. The estrus period typically lasts 1 to 2 days, but the best time for breeding is around 30 hours into the cycle, especially near the end. Normally, one breeding session is sufficient, but in practice, to increase the chances of conception, a second breeding is often performed 12 hours after the first if the ewe has not yet shown signs of estrus. This helps ensure successful fertilization.
Thirdly, preventing miscarriages in ewes is crucial. After mating, it is important to avoid feeding moldy or toxic forage, and to prevent excessive movement, such as jumping over ditches or running in pastures. Ewes should be handled carefully when entering or leaving the pen to avoid overcrowding or sudden disturbances. Dogs or other animals that may scare the sheep should be kept away. For ewes with a history of habitual or congenital abortions, it is advisable to administer fetal protection injections or take other preventive measures within the appropriate time frame to reduce the risk of loss.
In addition to these practices, regular health checks and proper housing conditions are also vital. Ensuring clean water, adequate shelter, and a stress-free environment will contribute to the overall well-being of the flock and improve reproductive success. Farmers should also keep detailed records of breeding dates, estrus signs, and any medical interventions to track progress and make informed decisions in future breeding cycles.