Summer is a critical period for red-fruited pomelo, marked by the growth of long summer shoots, young fruits, and fruit enlargement. This phase is crucial for fertilization and also a key time for pest activity. It is essential to implement timely summer management practices to promote vigorous growth, strong fruit development, and ultimately ensure a successful harvest. Below are detailed recommendations for effective summer care.
First, apply a strong fruit fertilizer at the right time. Proper application of fertilizer significantly enhances shoot strength, fruit quality, and yield. For every 100 catties of fruit produced, apply 5 jin of Sanyuan compound fertilizer or 2 jin of urea and 0.5 jin of potassium fertilizer, divided into five applications. Additionally, foliar sprays of 0.2% phosphoric acid-potassium hydrogen + 0.2% borax in 100 jin of water should be applied 1-2 times. Mix 50 kg of water with Baoguo Ling No. 2 for additional protection.
Second, thinning and pruning are essential. Thinning summer shoots helps reduce pests, increase fruit set, and improve fruit size. Early summer shoots on young trees should be removed, while later summer shoots can be retained, leaving only five leaves. Regular removal of unwanted shoots is necessary to maintain tree structure. Fruit thinning ensures balanced growth, with 3-4 fruits per branch, adjusting based on canopy density. Summer pruning involves trimming the canopy top, dense branches, and dead limbs to enhance air circulation, light penetration, and overall tree health.
Third, pest and disease control is vital. During summer, warm and humid conditions favor the spread of pests and pathogens. Spider mites, rust mites, and scale insects are common threats. Effective measures include applying pyridazinone at 2000 times dilution in early May, full-strength spray in mid-June, and chromium solution in mid-July. For rust mites, use zinc-enriched zinc, water-thaw phosphorous, and pyridazinone. For scale insects, target nymph stages with malathion, amitraz, and other suitable insecticides.
Diseases such as canker, greasy spot, anthracnose, ring rot, scab, and Others require specific treatments. Bordeaux mixture, copper ammonium solutions, and fungicides like thiophanate-methyl are commonly used. Regular spraying during key periods is essential to prevent damage.
In addition, various pests like aphids, leafhoppers, swallowtail butterflies, fruit flies, and beetles need attention. Apply appropriate insecticides such as dichlorvos, chlordecone, and dipterex at recommended concentrations. For root-boring insects like Tianniu, adult capture, egg scraping, and hole blocking are effective strategies.
By implementing these comprehensive summer management practices, you can ensure healthy tree growth, high-quality fruit, and a bountiful harvest. Proactive care during this critical season will lay the foundation for long-term orchard success.
Thermoplastic starch is also called "non-structured starch", which can make the starch structure disordered and thermoplastic by certain methods. Starch molecules for polysaccharides molecular structure, containing a large number of hydroxyl, due to its intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bond action, so that its melting temperature is higher, and its decomposition temperature is lower than its melting temperature, so in the heat processing, starch molecules did not melt and first decomposed. The traditional mechanical processing method of plastic is mostly heat processing, so to make starch - based whole starch plastic needs to make natural starch thermoplastic. This thermoplasticity can be achieved by changing the crystalline structure inside starch molecules. Destroy intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonds, disrupt the double helix crystal structure of starch molecules, which will reduce the melting temperature of starch and make it thermoplastic.