Technical advice for changing rice into corn

Applicable area: This technique is suitable for summer drought-prone regions within the maize-growing areas of Sichuan disaster zones. Due to earthquake-related damage, irrigation facilities are limited in these areas. To address this, irrigation can be sourced from tailwater fields, newly developed Tianma fields, and perennial high-yield rainforests. Sowing time and method: The optimal sowing period for replanting corn is before June 5th, with earlier planting being more beneficial. Replant corn varieties: Choose medium-maturity hybrids that are resistant to leaf spot, sheath blight, southern rust, and lodging, especially under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions during June to August. Recommended varieties include Yayu No. 2, Chuandan No. 418, Chuandan 23, Chuandan 26, Chengdan 30, Chengdan 26, and Zhenghong 2. Planting density and fertilizer application: Plant at a density of 3,200–3,600 plants per mu. Fertilizer rates should be approximately 32–34 kg of urea, 30–36 kg of superphosphate, and 10–13 kg of potassium chloride per mu. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers can be applied as a single base fertilizer, while urea should be split into three stages—base, seedling, and tasseling. The recommended split is 40% base, 30% seedling, and 30% tasseling. Wide and narrow row planting: Corn is often alternated with other crops due to frequent droughts and floods, particularly in rainy seasons. Paddy fields are prone to waterlogging, so wide and narrow rows are essential. Typically, six rows per plot are used, with a total width of 3.6–4.0 meters. Ditches should be 0.20 meters wide and 0.3–0.5 meters deep; in areas with severe drainage issues, ditches can be deeper (0.5–0.6 meters) to reduce flooding risks. The wide-narrow row spacing is 1.17 meters wide and 0.5 meters narrow, promoting good ventilation. These configurations also allow for intercropping with short-statured crops like soybeans and sweet potatoes, enhancing light utilization and land productivity. Integrated pest management: High humidity and temperature increase the risk of sheath blight, stalk rot, and leaf spot diseases. In early stages, apply 20% Jinggangmycin wettable powder (50 g per mu, mixed with 50 kg water) for sheath blight, or use 43% Hercules emulsion (15 ml per mu, mixed with 50 kg water) for leaf spot. Alternatively, 65% Zeoxin diluted 1,000 times or 50% carbendazim diluted 500 times can be sprayed. For corn borer control, use 50% Rui Jin emulsion (30 ml per 2 kg fine sand), 50% phoxim (10 ml per 5 kg fine sand), or Beauveria bassiana powder (20 g per 2 kg fine sand). Additionally, 50% dichlorvos at 1,000 times or 50% phoxim at 1,500 times can be used for borer control or tassel spraying. Chemical control and prevention: Under high-temperature and high-humidity conditions, and in rice fields with shallow plow layers (about 20 cm), spray 25 ml of Jianxin (approximately 1.5 yuan per mu) mixed with 50 kg of water 7–10 days before tasseling. This helps control plant height and prevent lodging. It is also advisable to mix non-alkaline fungicides with water to reduce labor and improve disease control efficiency.

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