Cultivation and Management Techniques of Broodstock in Autumn and Winter
July 04 13:47:36, 2025
First, focus on water fertilization. Pelicans and earthworms feed on plankton, so using fertilization can help increase the population of plankton, which in turn supports the growth of quail and earthworms. When there's sufficient food available, the gonads of these organisms develop well. Therefore, managing water fertilization is crucial for raising healthy broodstock and ensuring good spawning. Especially before winter, it's important to increase fertilization—typically around 500 kilograms per mu per week—to make the water thicker. After winter, a small amount of fertilizer should still be added regularly, following the principle of "small amounts, frequent additions." During this process, only well-rotted manure should be used, preferably compost tea. Also, during thunderstorms or hot weather in autumn, when oxygen levels are low, fertilization must be carefully controlled to avoid overloading the pond and causing stress to the broodstock.
In short, managing the stress of autumn and winter helps the broodstock store enough nutrients to support their development in early spring and ensure proper egg maturation. Additionally, the breeding of broodstock and bream focuses mainly on regular fertilization in autumn and organic manure in winter. In carp ponds, about 70% of the fertilizer comes from manure, with livestock manure making up around 30%. Cow manure dominates in carp ponds, typically accounting for 70%, while human waste makes up the remaining 30%.
Second, implement reasonable feeding. Proper feeding is essential for raising grass carp and bluefish broodstock. As water temperatures drop in autumn, grass carp eat less, and natural green feed becomes scarce. During this time, concentrate feed should be the main source of nutrition. Each broodstock weighing 10–15 kg should receive about 50 grams of concentrate daily. To aid digestion and encourage feeding, fresh green materials should also be provided. Typically, green feed is given in the morning, accounting for 30–50% of the fish's body weight, while concentrate is offered in the afternoon at 2–3% of body weight. Once winter arrives, the amount of concentrate should be reduced. When water temperatures are high, feed every other day; when it's low, feed once every three days. Herring are mainly fed snails, clams, and quail meat, with small amounts of soybean cake as a supplement. In autumn and winter, feeding should be adjusted, but it's important to ensure the fish remain well-fed.
Third, perform timely water changes. Adding new water helps keep the pond environment fresh, which is beneficial for gonad development and maturation. Water changes should be done according to the season, water quality, and feeding conditions. In autumn and winter, it's common to flush the pond every 10–15 days for 3–5 hours, raising the water level by 10–17 centimeters. However, it's important to maintain a certain level of water richness in broodstock and puffer fish ponds, so excessive flushing should be avoided.
Fourth, manage fish disease prevention. Disease prevention should focus on proactive measures. The feeding area should be disinfected with bleaching powder every 15 days, and the area should be cleaned and dried regularly. When adding new water, barriers should be installed to prevent predators from entering the pond. During the fall, pond inspections and management should be strengthened to prevent flooding. Effective management includes dedicated staff, specialized feeds, and strict oversight. All practices must be carried out with care and precision to ensure the health and productivity of the broodstock.