At present, farmers raise dairy cows, which still occupy a certain percentage of the courtyard culture of one household. Due to the restrictions on feeding space and breeding environment, if the breeding methods are improper, the quality of dairy cows is difficult to guarantee. In combination with the actual situation, the author believes that farmers should provide “six musts” for feeding cows:

Must strengthen the comprehensive management of the breeding environment. Although milk cows have strong disease resistance, the quality of fresh milk produced is greatly affected by the environment. If you do not pay attention to hygiene, it often leads to non-compliance of milk quality and decreased milk production. Therefore, dairy farmers must often clean the dairy cattle pens and clean the excreta once or twice a day, especially during the summer, to avoid the accumulation of mildew in the pens. At the same time, do a good job of disinfection, winter and spring weekly disinfection of the cowshed and the surrounding environment, summer and autumn disinfection twice a week, and do feed and drinking water hygiene, do not feed mildew feed.

Must grasp the initial age of the cow. The first age of cows is not only affecting the amount of milk produced in the first child, but also affecting the amount of life-long milk. Many dairy cows breed when yaks are less than 18 months of age and weigh only about 250 kg, often resulting in difficult labor. Therefore, the cattle-raising households can not be eager to achieve success, and should strengthen the feeding and management, when the cow's weight reached 360 kg -400 kg before the initial allocation. The optimal calving interval for dairy cows is 365 days, ie 305 days for milk production and 60 days for dry milk, so that one year of birth can be achieved.

Must be scientific milking. When cows are milking, they must follow the law of milk production in order to gradually increase their milking capacity. Do not squeeze fresh milk at one time after calving to prevent excessive consumption of nutrients in dairy cows. The number of milkings per day for dairy cows should be 3 times to 4 times. Milking personnel should follow the milking procedures and maintain utensils and personal hygiene. Before and after milking, use iodine liquids to bath nipples once to prevent mastitis. occur.

Dry milk feed must be properly proportioned. Dairy cows produce milk in the puerperium, the loss of nutrients in the body, and the nutritional needs of pregnancy and embryonic development all require the restoration of nutritional supplementation during the dry period. Therefore, in addition to just a few days after the drier milk and a few days prior to the onset of production, the dry milk period can generally be in the range of 10kg-15kg of milk per day, supplying 8kg-10kg of hay, 15kg- 20 kg green feed and 3 kg - 4 kg with fine material.

It must be ensured that the cows exercise adequately. Some dairy cows are convenient and carry out breeding of quail, which not only limits the activities of dairy cows, but also seriously hinders the growth and development of dairy cows, and can easily lead to difficult production of dairy cows and retention of placenta. Therefore, the method of feeding by means of a circle should be adopted to allow the cows to move freely and feed regularly to promote the metabolism of the cows, increase appetite, maintain normal reproduction, and increase disease resistance.

Must clean the body of cattle. The cow's skin is sensitive to the outside dust. When the hair is accompanied by dry feces, the cow feels uncomfortable. Commonly used tongues and tongues, the body is used to wipe the wall, trough and other ways to relieve the body's itching is not conducive to the health of the cow. Therefore, it should be wiped once or twice a day with a brush to keep the body clean.

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