Four Seasons Management Techniques for Apple Trees

First, scrape rough skin, check rot disease fruit tree rough skin often hide a variety of diseases, such as Hawthorn red spider, star caterpillar, small leaf curl, rot disease. After the end of winter shearing, adult fruit trees, such as the winter without scratching rough skin cracks, should be scraped as soon as possible, generally only scraping off rough skin without leaving any gaps, not too deep or too shallow. At the same time, under the tree is covered with plastic film, scraped bark, diseases and insects, etc. are all put away and burned. In combination with scraping skin, check whether trunks, branches, and swarf have been rotted since mid-February. With the discovery of the scraping, the xylem blew white, and then Tu Bamei 10 degree lime sulfur or 30% rotten enemy 30 times. Liquid or 5% ampoules were cleared 50 times, and then painted again after half a month. For larger patients, re-bridge.
Second, fertilization and irrigation, covered with film to protect the fall or winter last year, no basal orchard, should be applied immediately after thawing (but the effect is not as good as autumn). After the fertilization, the irrigation ground should be watered once and the soil should be kept in a timely manner. The dryland orchards should be topped with rice, then fertilized and quickly refurbished. The young and the weak trees will then adopt a "banded" film to increase the temperature and protect the body and promote the robust growth of the tree. For the method of applying fertilizer, excavate the "ring groove" or "gouzigou" with a width of 50cm and a depth of 50cm under the canopy projection. Apply all of the fall fertilizer to the ground and mix it with the soil. Then spread it in the tree tray. Shi Chunbei all the top-dressing (multi-component fertilizer, urea, etc.), and then turned into the soil, take advantage of the light. Fertilization requirements: First, try not to hurt the roots with a diameter of 0.5 cm; second, the parts of the tree top dressing should be kept 20 to 30 cm away from the trunk to avoid harming the trunk.
Third, carved buds, axillary buds In general, apple buds in the middle and late buds are not easy to germinate, especially slow-release branches are often "light legs sticks." In order to promote sprouting and branching and reduce light legs, end of March to early April, use a knife or a knife 0.5 centimeters above the center of the shoot (central main branch) or in front of the main branch (the main branch and auxiliary branch). The small saw blade hurts 1/4 to 1/3 of the xylem. Followed by the central branch of the main branch of the competition (branches), buds, main branches and auxiliary branches of the back (branches) buds removed to avoid sprouting branches, a waste of nutrition, disrupt the tree.
IV. Tantalum and sprinkling stone lime sulfur mixture agent is still a broad-spectrum, high-efficiency, long-lived, low-cost sterilization, killing, insecticide, especially before and after budding of fruit trees spray higher concentration The effect is very significant for reducing the base number of various pests, reducing medications throughout the year, and reducing costs.
The tanning of lime sulfur mixture: sulfur powder 10 wounds, quicklime 7 parts, water 60 parts. First, heat the water, take a small amount of hot water, transfer the sulfur powder into a paste and pour it into the pot to boil. Then slowly put the quicklime, increase the firepower, and keep stirring until the lime block is cast for another 45 minutes. Minutes of fire, use warm fire for 30 minutes until the liquid is soy sauce. After cooling, use Bomi's specific gravity to measure the exact concentration. It is generally required that apple trees more than 3 years old should be sprayed with 4 to 5 degrees lime sulfur + 1,500 times neutral detergent powder in the bud.
5. Recutting and sparse cutting: First, for trees that are not fruitful for over-ageing, the winter shear can be delayed until after germination to ease the tree vigor; secondly, the more prosperous trees are the branches and branches except winter cuttings, other branches. Postponed to germination and then cut to ease the branching trend; Third, enter the fruiting tree according to the target yield, if the amount of flowers is too much, you can shorten a part of the medium and long florets, shortening and sculpting the squid, or removing the weak squid to reduce the squid. Quantity, increase the preparation of branches.
Lei Lei: The apple tree sparse as soon as possible, can save nutrition, help to sit large fruit, promote fruit high pile. At the same time, enhance the tree vigor, promote the growth of spring shoots, make up for lack of winter shear. It saves time, improves efficiency, and reduces costs. In the normal climate, the "flowers and fruits" technique can be promoted. That is, in the middle and late April, the inflorescence of red bloom extends into the inflorescence and is separated (the central flower contains medlars). The spacing between the flowers is 20 to 28 centimeters. The main leaves are on both sides and under the back, except for the central flower and 1 flower. The excess flowers are all eliminated, but "cluster leaves" must be preserved.
6, spray fertilizer, put the bee into the initial flowering period (5% of the central flower open), should be sprayed once 0.3% borax plus 0.1% urea + 1% sucrose solution; into the flowering period and then spray once again 0.3% borax plus 1% honey water solution to Increase nutrients, conducive to pollination and fruit setting. Putting a box of bees within 500 meters of the orchard during the flowering period guarantees about 10 mu of pollination, which can increase the fruit setting rate by 30% to 50%.

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