I. Pro-choice and cultivation

Wild or artificially cultivated blackbirds can be used as broodstock, and it is best to use wild animals that are caught in nature from nets. The broodstock size is preferably 1 to 1.25 kg/tail, 2 or more years of age. This type of broodstock has matured earlier and has a high fertility rate, high fertilization rate and high hatching rate, and has a strong vitality for culturing young fish. The broodstock should not be too big. After a winter crop, the black quail 4 has a reduced ability to reproduce and the oxytocin production effect is poor.

In broodstock breeding, attention should be paid to adequate balance of protein and nutrients in feed, and measures to speed up the development of gonads in the puffer can promote gonad maturation. These measures include regular flushing, intensive feeding, and raising during broodstock breeding. Cultivate water temperature and so on. In addition, attention should also be paid to the cooperation of male and female squid, if the size of male and female broodstock when paired with estrus is not the same, nor can it be mated and fertilized normally, male and female brooders of similar size should be selected.

Second, oxytocin and fertilization

In the fight for spouses, males of the Ukrainian fries compete with each other, resulting in mutual interferences that affect spawning and fertilization, as well as fish injuries. Production practice has proved that the use of small bodies of water to separate each other, so that each pair of black broodstock broodstock in this type of separation of small water mating spawning more than the broodstock mating in larger bodies of water to better effect. At the same time, the brooding fish should remain shady and quiet after entering the spawning pool, otherwise the brooders will be shocked when they see the light, and they will be bruised and bruised.

T. argus is a type of mature egg that is produced in batches. If the oxytocin is administered after two injections, it is still partially unproductive or has not yet been produced. The third injection can be used: At the same time, it can be used at the second injection. Males bred by aphrodisiac injections for aphrodisiac or when males are absent, the original males are injected again with aphrodisiac to obtain richer semen and increase the fertilization rate.

Third, incubation management

1. Timely removal of dead eggs and dead seedlings. There are oil droplets in the eggs of the Chinese black buckwheat. When the eggs and embryos break, the oil droplets will be released into the water, causing the water surface to form a thin layer of oil film and cause an “oil seal”, resulting in lack of oxygen in the water body. Therefore, these eggs must be killed in time and die. The removal of embryos and dead seedlings and the timely removal of them will directly affect the hatching rate. In clearing work, only dishes such as plates and bowls can be used instead of mesh bags to avoid breakage of eggs.

2. Keep the water fresh and prevent oxygen deprivation. Hypoxia in hatchery water is mainly due to excessive organic matter in the water body, use of groundwater without aeration, excessive hatching density and other reasons. Incubation water should contain appropriate amount of phytoplankton, so that the water body is kept green and tender, and the organic dirt generated during the incubation process is cleared in time. Stop water-type hatchery, change the water every day 1/3-1/2, but it should be noted that the best use of the side of the water into the side row, and maintain the original water level, the water speed should be slow, to prevent the impact of fertilized eggs. It is worth noting that it is not advisable to change the water too much at the beginning of the incubation period to prevent the temperature difference from causing the disease. In general, the amount of water changed on the day after hatching is controlled according to 60% to 70%, and from the second day to the fifth day, the amount of water changed is 80%.

3. Control watery mildew. The oxytocin work should be carried out on sunny days when the incidence of hydromycosis is relatively low. For hatching water, a certain amount of phytoplankton and a light green water body should be used. However, predator should be filtered out in advance. For precautionary measures, the hatching water is treated with methylene blue at a concentration of 0.1 g/m 3 in advance before being used for 2 days, and then methylene blue is applied twice before hatching (the concentration is slightly lower than the first time), and the unfertilized eggs are promptly removed. And death embryos.

Fourth, staged breeding, improve the survival rate of seedlings

There are two methods for the cultivation of Chinese wolfberry seedlings: first, the fry are stocked in small earthen ponds until they are cultivated. Second, fry and fingerlings are cultivated in two stages. In both methods, the first method, although with simple facilities and low capital and labor input, has a low survival rate and is suitable for small-scale farming. The second method can be based on the development of fry, fingerlings, feeding habits and different environmental requirements. The survival rate is high and it is suitable for large-scale cultivation of fingerlings.

V. Domestication after hatching

The newly hatched larvae have not yet been fully developed on their own. Even when they reach 8 mm in size, they are much weaker than the four common ones. This stage is difficult to manage, and is vulnerable to water flow, water shaking, wind waves, etc. Causes of damage to aquatic plants, poolsides, and screens are harmed. At the same time, the fry have clusters of parade along the poolside, and also prefer suspended matter and flotsams in the water, such as aquatic plants, leaves, and unfertilized aquatic plants. Sputum causes suffocation and death. Therefore, hatched young seedlings should be left in the original hatchery to be domesticated further, from the domestication of the black, dark-green “black chicks” to the dispersive yellow-brown transitional yellow-tailed period before the fry can be in the water body. The upper-middle and upper-middle movements and the enhanced predation ability, and the expansion of water body cultivation can increase the survival rate.

Six, to prevent the lack of oxygen in the cluster

There is a strong aggregating habit during the 1 to 7 days after hatching of the color seedlings. At the same time, the “red worm” as a live bait is also clustered at this stage. In addition, more hatching and excretion of wastes in the water body can easily cause partial oxygen deficiency. Therefore, timely disperse the cluster with appropriate tools, but you must pay attention to the action and not stick to the damaged seedlings. At this stage, it is also necessary to strengthen the cleaning and keep the water flowing.

Seven, fertilizer pond

The production practice has proved that the use of fertilizer submerged ponds greatly reduces the clustering of fish seedlings and has a high survival rate. When cultivating pond water quality, the density of rotifers in the water body should be 5,000 to 10,000/liter. A glass tube can be used to sample 1 ml of pool water. Observe the light. If you see about 10 white spots, the rotifer density has reached the required level. It is also possible to observe whether there is food in the fry's stomach and to infer whether the fry's feeding is normal.

Eight, timely feeding

The optimum open-ended feed for blackgrass seedlings is the individual small zooplankton rotifers, which can ingest large cladocera and copepod zooplankton as the fry grows. Therefore, the timely provision of the above-mentioned animal feed at different stages of the development and growth of the seedlings of the black plant can significantly increase the survival rate of the early stage seedlings.

When the fry is less than 3 cm in size, it mainly feeds on zooplankton. Just 0.2 to 0.3 kilograms of live zooplankton were fed every 10,000 bucks and adjusted for temperature, water quality, climate, and the actual food intake of the fry. It was necessary to make enough food for the fry, but also to prevent oxygen starvation in the zooplankton. When the fry is up to 2 cm, in addition to feeding live zooplankton, dead and zooplankton that have been prepared in advance should be fed, with 0.5 kg added per 10,000 fry and 0.3 kg to 0.5 kg every 5 days. If zooplankton is not enough, add yeast and fish gizzards as supplements. The fry opening feed takes about 4-5 days from the membrane. At this time, the zooplankton to be fed should be filtered through a mesh of 60 mesh, and if it is collected from the sewage, it should be raised in the filtrate filtered out with clean water. Refeed after hours. Feeding is started once every 4 hours at the start of feeding, 6 hours after 3 to 4 days, and it is not filtered when the fish grows. After about 2 weeks of cultivation, minced silkworms, chopped fish, shrimp, etc. can be fed. When it grows to 6-10 centimeters, it can be used as a small-sized fish species. At this time, small fish can be fed and gradually filtered into small fish. If the bait is to be fed with bait, it should be carried out gradually before the body length of 2 cm. It is generally difficult for the bait to reach the ideal growth effect. The feeding method can be carried out by setting the food table 20 cm below the water surface and hanging bags on the food table.

Nine, prevent diseases

After the removal of the egg membrane, drugs can be used to prevent diseases, such as formalin, with a concentration of 15 ml/m3; the new water to be exchanged should be used in the storage tank with lime of 15 to 25 g/m3. Disinfection, use until the efficacy disappears; use the water used in nursery ponds to grow into tender green before use; use beneficial microbial preparations every 10 to 15 days; use cages to periodically scrub cages to maintain water flow. Unimpeded, planting floating grass around the outside of the cage, on the one hand can purify the water quality, but also protect the cage to prevent direct impact from wind and waves.

Ten, timely division

When the acclimated fry grows to 1.2-1.5 cm and the body color begins to turn brown from the head, it should be screened and reared in time. After that, from 2 cm in length to 3 to 4 cm in length, summer flowers need to be sifted by 2 to 3 times, and then continue to grow into about 10 cm fingerlings. This method has a high survival rate. . The stocking operation should be sifted with water and bred according to the specifications. Normally, the stocking densities of 3 cm, 5 cm and 7 cm fingerlings are to be cultivated in 10 m2 nursery ponds with reference numbers of 100, 50 and 20 tails per square; 20 m2, 10 cm and 15 cm in rearing ponds. The reference stocking density for body-length fingerlings is 10 and 5 tails per square meter, respectively.

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