Rice Straw Returning to No-tillage and Planting Wheat Technique
August 03 12:09:40, 2025
Rice straw returning to no-tillage technology is an efficient and sustainable method of planting wheat after rice harvest. Instead of plowing, the rice stalks are evenly spread across the field, and chemical weeding is used instead of traditional mechanical methods. This technique was first successfully tested in May 2000 by the Second Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Chengdu. It combines the benefits of straw incorporation, no-till farming, and broadcast sowing with scientific management, forming a new set of supporting technologies. Although there are no official reports available globally, experimental studies have shown that this integrated approach not only boosts productivity and reduces costs but also offers significant ecological and economic advantages.
In 1999, the experimental yield reached 355.31 kg per mu, which was 11.37 kg higher than the traditional method, representing a 3.3% increase. Additionally, the cost per mu was reduced by approximately 80 yuan. The success of this method improves soil organic matter, reduces chemical fertilizer pollution, protects soil structure, enhances water and nutrient flow, and lowers the risk of plant diseases above and below ground. It also accelerates the planting schedule and reduces labor intensity. Moreover, it prevents environmental pollution from straw burning and provides a new way to reuse agricultural waste, making it suitable for modern agricultural needs.
Now, let’s go through the key technical steps involved in the no-till wheat sowing process using rice straw:
(a) After weeding the rice field, all the straw should be evenly distributed across the field and left exposed to sunlight and rain. Seven days before sowing, create 5-meter-wide furrows, with a width of 30 cm and depth of 30 cm, to ensure proper drainage and irrigation. Apply 0.25 kg of seed per mu and perform chemical weeding.
(b) Two to three days before sowing, apply base fertilizers. Use 12 kg of nitrogen, 10 kg of superphosphate, and 10 kg of potassium oxide per mu. Ensure even distribution and avoid application during high temperatures.
(c) Sow wheat 2–3 days earlier than the local average. In the Chengdu Plain, two cropping fields are usually sown on October 30th, using 10–20 kg of selected fine varieties. Soak seeds in a nutrient solution like "Vigor" at a dilution of 500 times, then dry them. In favorable conditions, irrigate 1–2 times after sowing to keep the soil moist. Also, take precautions against rodent damage.
(d) After sowing, field management depends largely on moisture levels. Proper water control is essential. Once the seedlings reach the second leaf and one heart stage, assess weed growth and apply appropriate herbicides. For example, use 5g of Long per mu mixed with 50kg of water. Additionally, spray 150g of paclobutrazol per 75kg of water to promote dwarfing. Before jointing, apply 25g of Zhejian Zhuangsu to strengthen stems and improve lodging resistance. During the booting stage, spray 0.5 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, which can be combined with other nutrients to boost grain setting rates. At heading and flowering stages, use 100g of 50% rust inhibitor per mu to prevent rust, and 100g of thiophanate-methyl per 75kg of water to control scab.
(e) Harvest the wheat when it reaches 90% maturity. Choose a sunny day for harvesting, dry it properly, and store it gradually to maintain quality.
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