Rice Straw Returning to No-tillage and Planting Wheat Technique
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August 03 12:56:18, 2025
Rice straw incorporation into no-tillage wheat planting is a simple and efficient agricultural technique that involves sowing wheat after rice harvest, with the rice stalks evenly spread across the field without plowing. Only chemical weeding is used to control weeds. This method was successfully tested in May 2000 by the Second Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Chengdu. The technology integrates the benefits of straw returning, no-tillage, broadcast sowing, and scientific management, creating a new set of supporting techniques. Although there are no official reports on this method globally, experimental results have shown it offers significant economic and environmental advantages.
In 1999, the experiment produced 355.31 kg of wheat per mu, which was 11.37 kg higher than the traditional method in the same area, representing a 3.3% increase. Farmers also saved approximately 80 yuan per mu in costs. This technique not only improves soil fertility, reduces chemical fertilizer use, and protects soil structure, but also enhances water, fertilizer, and gas movement in the soil. It helps reduce both above- and below-ground plant diseases, speeds up planting schedules, and eases labor intensity. Additionally, it prevents environmental pollution from burning straw and provides a new way to reuse rice straw, making it suitable for modern farming needs.
Now, let's go over the key steps involved in implementing this technique:
(a) After weeding the rice field, all the straw should be evenly distributed across the field and left exposed to sunlight and rain. Seven days before sowing, open up 5 meters of space and dig ditches 30 cm wide and deep to ensure proper drainage and irrigation. Apply 0.25 kg of herbicide per mu during this stage.
(b) Two to one day before sowing, apply base fertilizers. Use 12 kg of pure nitrogen, 10 kg of superphosphate, and 10 kg of potassium oxide per mu. Make sure the fertilizer is evenly distributed and avoid application during high temperatures.
(c) Sow wheat 2–3 days earlier than the local average. In the Chengdu Plain, two cropping fields are typically sown on October 30th. Use 10–20 kg of selected high-quality seeds, soaked in a nutrient solution like "Vigor" diluted 500 times, then dried. In favorable conditions, irrigate 1–2 times after sowing to keep the soil moist and prevent rodent damage.
(d) After sowing, field management mainly depends on moisture levels. Ensure proper water management and maintain adequate humidity. Once the seedlings reach the second leaf and one heart stage, apply an appropriate herbicide based on local weed conditions. For example, use 5g of Long 75% per mu mixed with 50kg of water. Also, spray 150g of paclobutrazol 75% in 75kg of water to promote dwarfing. Before the jointing stage, apply 25g of Mushi Zhejian Zhuangsu to strengthen stems and improve lodging resistance. During the booting stage, spray 0.5kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, which can be combined with other nutrients to increase grain setting rate. At heading and flowering stages, apply 100g of 50% rust inhibitor per mu to prevent rust. Use 100g of 75% thiophanate-methyl per mu to control scab.
(e) Harvest when 90% of the wheat is mature. Choose a sunny day for harvesting, dry the crop gradually, and store it properly to ensure quality.
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