Tiger tongue red felt tiger

**Tiger Tongue Red (Ardisia mamillata): A Unique Ornamental and Medicinal Plant** Tiger Tongue Red, scientifically known as *Ardisia mamillata*, is a striking evergreen shrub commonly referred to as "tiger tongue" due to its distinctive leaf pattern. The leaves are elliptical, covered in fine red hairs, and resemble the rough texture of a tiger's tongue. This plant is also known by several other names, including "red felt," "tiger," "milky purple bull," "hair parasol," and "mountain hog afraid." Belonging to the genus *Zijiniu* and the family Myrsinaceae, Tiger Tongue Red is native to China and can be found in regions such as Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan, Sichuan, and Guizhou. It thrives in shady, moist broad-leaved forests at altitudes between 500 and 1,200 meters. This small shrub typically grows up to 15–20 cm tall, with woody rhizomes and hairy leaves that are obovate or oblong-lanceolate in shape. The leaves are dark red on both sides, densely covered with rust-colored or purple hairs, and have inconspicuous teeth along the edges. The plant produces umbels of 7–15 pink or white flowers, which bloom in summer, followed by bright red, spherical berries that remain throughout the year. Tiger Tongue Red prefers warm, semi-shaded environments with adequate water during the summer and dry conditions in winter. It can tolerate temperatures as low as -5°C and is suitable for cultivation across China. In colder regions, it can be grown in pots, with careful control of light and weekly fertilization during the growing season. Its foliage displays a radiant, colorful appearance when viewed from different angles, making it highly ornamental. In addition to its aesthetic value, Tiger Tongue Red has significant medicinal properties. The whole plant is used in traditional medicine to clear heat and dampness, promote blood circulation, stop bleeding, and treat conditions like rheumatism, tuberculosis, and liver disorders. The leaves can also be applied externally to treat sores and infections. Historically documented in the *Compendium of Materia Medica*, this plant has gained international recognition. It won first prize in the World Indoor Leaf Plant Award at the 1999 Kunming World Horticultural Exposition and later earned another prestigious award at the 2001 China Flower Show in Shunde, Guangdong. It has since become a popular ornamental plant in homes and gardens worldwide, especially in Europe and North America. Due to its rarity, Tiger Tongue Red is considered an endangered species. It is mainly found in pristine forest areas of Dayu County in Jiangxi Province and at elevations above 800 meters in the Nanling Mountains. Conservation efforts have led to large-scale cultivation in recent years, ensuring its survival and continued appreciation. With its unique beauty and versatile uses, Tiger Tongue Red is not only a botanical marvel but also a valuable asset in both horticulture and traditional medicine.

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