Side calendula
Adonis amurensis
Also known as the "Cold Flower," "Top Ice," or "Early Spring Flower," Adonis amurensis belongs to the Ranunculaceae family and is a member of the Adonis genus. This unique plant is native to cold mountainous regions and is often found in the lower elevations of these areas, growing in mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests, open woodlands, hillside slopes, road bends, and shrublands. It thrives in fertile, moist soils and is known for its short, compact growth habit.
Adonis amurensis is often referred to as the "Lin Hai Saussurea" due to its striking golden flowers that emerge from the top of the snow-like foliage. The plant is particularly admired for its early spring bloom, making it a symbol of resilience and beauty in harsh environments.
Morphological Characteristics
This perennial herb typically grows between 20 cm and 35 cm tall, with a leaf structure that is simple and grass-like. The main stem bears single flowers, while the upper part may have a few branches. Its growth is usually low and compact, especially when exposed to cold conditions. The golden flowers are not only visually appealing but also serve as an important indicator of the arrival of spring in its natural habitat.
Cultivation Techniques
Adonis amurensis can be propagated through seeds or root cuttings. Seeds mature from mid-May to early June and tend to fall off easily, so timely harvesting is essential. They can be sown in autumn or the following spring, though seedlings grow slowly—often producing only two cotyledons in the first year. It may take up to five years before the plant reaches full bloom. Root propagation is also effective, especially during spring, summer, and autumn, with late autumn being the optimal time. Plants with multiple stems or dormant buds should be selected, cut into sections, and transplanted, ensuring each section contains at least one above-ground stem or a dormant bud.
Management
When grown in pots, dense planting is recommended. The soil should be rich in organic matter, and planting is best done in late autumn. The dormant buds should be level with the soil surface. After planting, the pots should be placed in a shaded outdoor area. To help maintain moisture, sawdust or broken leaves can be used around the pots for easy removal. For winter blooming, potted plants can be moved to a cold room maintained at 0°C to 5°C for 1–2 days, then transferred to a room with temperatures between 15°C and 20°C, where they will flower within about 10–12 days under ample light.
Uses
Adonis amurensis is widely used in landscape design, such as in flower beds, garden paths, grass borders, and rock gardens. In addition to its ornamental value, the entire plant has medicinal properties, traditionally used for clearing heat and reducing inflammation. Its combination of beauty and utility makes it a popular choice among both gardeners and herbalists.
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