Sweet and tender corn is a delightful snack that has captivated consumers with its unique flavor and taste. Traditionally available only after the autumn harvest, this natural treat has increasingly found its way onto food stalls and beer houses in various towns throughout the year. Despite its premium price, it remains highly appealing. Off-season tender corn is typically preserved using normal temperature storage techniques, which offer significant advantages over freezing methods. These storage solutions are cost-effective, allowing the corn to remain fresh for over six months while retaining its original taste, texture, and color. This approach enhances production efficiency by two to three times.
Among the varieties suitable for preservation are:
1. Red Pomegranate Seed Crystal Corn: Known for its vibrant red hue, this variety matures early and retains its color beautifully when fresh. It's considered one of the best options for keeping corn tender or selling it young. Not only does it boast an attractive appearance, but it’s also sweet, juicy, and easy to eat with no husk residue.
2. Colorful Sticky Corn: With its striking mix of black, white, red, purple, yellow, green, and blue hues, this variety combines visual appeal with a sweet, fresh, and aromatic experience. Unique among specialty corns, it holds immense development potential and can serve as a dual-season crop in many regions.
3. Black Lord: This variety revolutionizes black corn by producing high yields and top-quality cobs. The ready-to-eat corn ears processed from this variety are nutritious, delicious, and rich in cancer-fighting substances like melanin, offering significant health benefits. Freshly picked, the kernels are purple-black, making it ideal for fresh storage.
Room temperature storage and preservation techniques commonly involve:
1. Dry Storage Method: Retain corn kernels with full and plump seeds, leaving 1-2 layers of pericarp intact. Avoid soaking kernels in water. Instead, immerse them briefly (5-10 minutes) in a 0.5% licorice aqueous solution. Afterward, drain thoroughly. If harvesting occurs at temperatures above 18°C, stack corn ears alternately with fine sand to regulate heat and prevent mold. For late-autumn harvests, store directly in well-ventilated rooms without direct sunlight, creating a 30-40 cm ventilation channel on the floor. Corn ears should be processed and stored the same day they're harvested to avoid enzyme-induced dehydration. Glycosan, derived from edible plants via acid hydrolysis, serves as an effective insect repellent and preservative, extending the shelf life of produce at room temperature. Prepare the polysaccharide solution by dissolving it in water, creating a 5% solution, then diluting it further to a 0.5% concentration.
2. Wet Storage Method:
- Formula 1: A solution comprising 60% calcium chloride, 15% zinc chloride, 15% potassium sorbate, 5% magnesium sulfate, 5% sodium, and 250 times diluted water. Boil the calcium chloride, zinc chloride, and magnesium sulfate in water, cool, then add potassium sorbate and sodium, stirring thoroughly.
- Formula 2: A 0.1% sodium benzoate, 0.2% organic acid, 0.1% inositol hexaphosphate, 0.1% vitamin C, and 99.5% water mixture. Select freshly matured, pest-free, and non-rotten corn with 7-8 ripeness, remove husks and silks, wash, and soak in the preservative solution. Ensure processing occurs daily, maintain a 2:3 ratio of preservative to corn, and use sterilized containers for storage. Flavoring agents can be added to create fruit-flavored preserved corn for better profitability.
3. Coating Method:
- Process tender corn → Clean → Surface Sterilize → Rinse → Coat → Store. The coating solution includes 0.2% inositol hexaphosphate complex, 1% GM film former, 0.2% sodium benzoate, 0.1% sucrose ester, and 99.4% water at pH 4. Mix ingredients thoroughly, adjust pH, and apply using immersion, brushing, spraying, etc. Allow coated corn to dry before storing in sterilized cellars.
4. Semi-Mature and Semi-Dry Storage Method: Boil corn in a preservative solution (0.4%-0.5%), cool, partially dry, and store in airtight, dark, rodent-free rooms. Stack in baskets or bags for later use.
This approach ensures year-round availability of tender corn, enhancing agricultural efficiency and consumer satisfaction.
Author Unit: College of Agriculture, Liaocheng University
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