Linguoli South Africa
Scientific name: Tecomaria capensis
Common names: South Africa Ling Xiao, Four Seasons Ling Xiao
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Scleroderma
Morphological Characteristics:
Tecomaria capensis is a semi-erect or upright shrub that can grow up to 2 meters tall. It has slender branches with noticeable lenticels and can climb as high as 5 meters. The leaves are odd-pinnate, opposite in arrangement, with 5–9 ovate to elliptic-ovate leaflets measuring 1–2.5 cm in length, featuring toothed margins. The inflorescence is a raceme at the top, bearing funnel-shaped flowers that range from orange to bright red, about 4 cm long, slightly curved, and known for their long flowering period.
In Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, this plant blooms throughout the year. When grown in pots in northern regions, it typically flowers from August to November, depending on temperature conditions. The fruit is flat and not particularly showy.
Origin:
Native to the southwestern region of South Africa, Tecomaria capensis was first introduced to China at the beginning of the 20th century. It is widely cultivated in southern and southwest China, and is often planted in rows in the Yangtze River basin and areas further north.
Growing Conditions:
This plant thrives in warm, humid, and sunny environments. It does not tolerate cold or overcast weather. The ideal growing temperature is between 20–24°C from April to October, and 12–16°C from October to April. Winter temperatures must not drop below 8°C. It germinates quickly and prefers well-drained sandy loam soil. Watering should be done sparingly.
Propagation and Cultivation:
The main method of propagation is through cuttings, though layering can also be used. Hardwood cuttings are typically taken in early spring, and roots develop easily. Softwood cuttings can also be taken in early May, and rooting usually occurs within a month. Pruning and shaping are essential for maintenance. After flowering in winter, all lateral branches should be cut back to encourage new growth. In summer, topping helps concentrate nutrients for flower bud development. Seedlings grow quickly and require repotting into larger containers annually. From early spring until flowering, apply liquid fertilizer 1–2 times per month. During winter, move the plants to a low-temperature greenhouse. In mid-April of the following year, place them in a sunny location and maintain them there. In midsummer, provide sufficient water to prevent wilting.
Uses:
The flowers contain compounds such as apigenin and β-sitosterol. Its water decoction has a contractive effect on vascular smooth muscle, helps prevent blood clots, and increases uterine contractions in pregnant individuals. It also exhibits antibacterial properties against various bacteria, including those causing typhoid fever.
Tecomaria capensis is an excellent choice for shading structures, trellises, and ornamental climbing. It can also be trained to climb rockeries, stone walls, wall hangings, and dead wood, making it a versatile addition to gardens and landscapes.
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