Turtle Tanning Technology
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June 21 01:01:15, 2025
Tortoiseshell, a well-regarded medicinal substance renowned both domestically and internationally, is derived from turtle shells. Its preparation involves several meticulous steps:
1. **Processing the Turtle Shell**: Begin by placing the turtle shell in a basin or cylindrical container. Position it under direct sunlight and fill it with sufficient water to fully submerge the shell. Once submerged, avoid changing the water; ensure the water level remains consistent to keep the shell covered. Seal the shell with its slime intact, leaving it to soak for four to five weeks. During this period, the flesh will decompose. Afterward, drain the water and replace it with fresh water, stirring gently to clean off the black skin. Continue soaking the shell for one to two months, periodically removing any remaining debris and exposing it to sunlight. Turn the shell three to four times daily, allowing it to naturally absorb dew or rainwater overnight until completely dry.
2. **Preparing the Glue**: Typically prepared before and after the start of winter, the process begins by selecting a dried turtle shell. Wash it in warm water, then place it in a bamboo pot filled with clean water. Heat the pot over a low flame to simmer the shell. Ensure the water level covers the shell entirely. As the water evaporates, replenish it with boiling water as needed. Simmer for 24 hours, then remove the initial decoction liquid. Return the shell to the pot with fresh boiling water and repeat the process two more times. After each decoction, strain the liquid through a fine sieve lined with cotton to remove impurities. Combine all three batches of liquid into a container. Add a small amount of alum powder, stir thoroughly, and allow it to settle.
3. **Concentrating the Gelatin**: Transfer the combined liquid into a pot and heat it until it thickens into a gel-like consistency (approximately 50% moisture content). Use a low flame to continue heating, stirring the bottom of the pot with a spatula to prevent burning or sticking. Once the gel begins to form, dissolve an additional 250 grams of rock sugar and filter it into the mixture. As the water evaporates, the gel's color will turn yellow. At this point, add some yellow wine and continue heating gently. Reduce the heat further and begin stirring the mixture to cool it down. The gel will gradually darken to a tan hue. Test the consistency by lifting a small amount with a spatula; when it solidifies quickly, stop heating and stir thoroughly using a copper spoon to ensure even cooling.
4. **Cutting and Drying**: Remove the cooled gel and spread it thinly over a copper plate coated with a small amount of sesame oil. Sprinkle a bit of white wine over the surface to enhance drying. Place the plate in a well-ventilated room to allow the gel to set. Once firm, slice it into strips and cut into rectangular pieces. Turn the pieces every two to three days, allowing them to partially dry. Store them in a sealed container to extract excess moisture, then transfer them to a shaded area for final drying. The finished product should have a dark brown, glossy appearance, with a mild color variation from brown to light, and should be odorless.
Author’s Unit: Department of Agriculture, Xiangfan City, Hubei Province
This detailed process reflects the traditional methods used to create tortoiseshell medicine, preserving its efficacy while ensuring quality and purity.